Node错误异常处理

Node错误异常处理

同步代码

1. 使用try…catch

   try {
      var err = new Error('example')
      throw err
   } catch (err) {
      // handle the error safely
      console.log(err)
   }

   执行结果

   Error: example
      at Object.<anonymous> (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:188:15)
      at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
      at Module.m._compile (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:422:23)
      at Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
      at Object.require.extensions.(anonymous function) [as .ts] (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:425:12)
      at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
      at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)
      at Function.Module._load (module.js:489:3)
      at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:676:10)
      at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/_bin.ts:177:12)

   ​

   ​

2. 函数直接返回Error

   function divide(x: number, y: number): number | Error{
    if(y === 0){
      let error: Error = new Error("Can not divided by 0");
      return error;
    }
    return x / y;
   }
   
   let result: number | Error = divide(4, 2);
   if(result instanceof Error){
    console.log('4/0 = err', result);
   }else{
    console.log('4/2=', result);
   }
   
   result = divide(4, 0);
   if(result instanceof Error){
    console.log('4/0 = err', result);
   }else{
    console.log('4/2=', result);
   }

   执行结果

   4/2= 2
   4/0 = err Error: Can not divided by 0
      at divide (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:188:26)
      at Object.<anonymous> (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:201:12)
      at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
      at Module.m._compile (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:422:23)
      at Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
      at Object.require.extensions.(anonymous function) [as .ts] (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:425:12)
      at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
      at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)
      at Function.Module._load (module.js:489:3)
      at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:676:10)

   ​

异步代码

1. 使用回调函数进行处理

   function divide(x: number, y: number, next: Function): void {
      if ( y === 0 ) {
          next(new Error("Can't divide by zero"))
      }
      else {
          next(null, x/y)
      }
    }
   
    divide(4,2,function(err,result){    
      if ( err ) {
          console.log('4/2=err', err)
      }
      else {
          console.log('4/2='+result)
      }
    })
    divide(4,0,function(err,result){
      if ( err ) {
          console.log('4/0=err', err)
      }
      else {
          console.log('4/0='+result)
      }
    });
   
   

   执行结果

   4/2=2
   4/0=err Error: Can't divide by zero
      at divide (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:188:14)
      at Object.<anonymous> (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:203:3)
      at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
      at Module.m._compile (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:422:23)
      at Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
      at Object.require.extensions.(anonymous function) [as .ts] (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:425:12)
      at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
      at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)
      at Function.Module._load (module.js:489:3)
      at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:676:10)

   ​

2. 将错误作为参数传给Promise的reject函数进行处理

   function divide(x: number, y: number): Promise<number | Error>{
      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
          if(y === 0){
              let err: Error = new Error("Can not divided by 0");
              return reject(err);
          }
          resolve(x/y);
      });
   }
   
   divide(4, 2).then((result) =>{
      console.log('x / y = ', result);
   }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('x / y = err', err);
   });
   
   divide(4, 0).then((result) =>{
      console.log('x / y = ', result);
   }).catch((err) => {
      console.log('x / y = err', err);
   });

   执行结果

   x / y =  2
   x / y = err Error: Can not divided by 0
      at Promise (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:190:30)
      at new Promise (<anonymous>)
      at divide (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:188:12)
      at Object.<anonymous> (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:203:1)
      at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
      at Module.m._compile (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:422:23)
      at Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
      at Object.require.extensions.(anonymous function) [as .ts] (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:425:12)
      at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
      at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)

   ​

3. 使用EventEmitter发布错误事件

   import {EventEmitter} from "events";
   class Divider extends EventEmitter{
      constructor(){
          super();
      }
      divide(x: number, y: number): Divider{
          if(y === 0){
              let err: Error = new Error("Can not divided by 0");
              this.emit('error', err);
          }else{
              this.emit('divided', x, y, x / y);
          }
          return this;
   
      }
   }
   
   let divider = new Divider();
   divider.on('error', function(err){
      console.log(err);
   });
   divider.on('divided', function(x ,y , z){
      console.log(x + '/' + y + '=' + z);
   });
   
   divider.divide(4,0).divide(4,2);

   执行结果

   Error: Can not divided by 0
      at Divider.divide (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:167:30)
      at Object.<anonymous> (/home/linyimin/项目/api-gateway/src/test/test.ts:185:9)
      at Module._compile (module.js:635:30)
      at Module.m._compile (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:422:23)
      at Module._extensions..js (module.js:646:10)
      at Object.require.extensions.(anonymous function) [as .ts] (/usr/local/node/lib/node_modules/ts-node/src/index.ts:425:12)
      at Module.load (module.js:554:32)
      at tryModuleLoad (module.js:497:12)
      at Function.Module._load (module.js:489:3)
      at Function.Module.runMain (module.js:676:10)
   4/2=2

   参考链接