设计模式-观察者模式

简介

观察者模式，又可以称之为发布-订阅模式，观察者，顾名思义，就是一个监听者，类似监听器的存在，一旦被观察/监听的目标发生的情况，就会被监听者发现

实际应用场景

观察者模式多用于实现订阅功能的场景，例如微博的订阅

UML

代码实现

/**
 * 主题
 * @author liuyongtao
 * @since 2021-3-5 9:26
 */
public interface Subject {

    void registerObserver(Observer observer);

    void removeObserver(Observer observer);

    void notifyObserver();

}

/**
 * 实现主题
 *
 * @author liuyongtao
 * @since 2021-3-5 9:31
 */
public class OrderSubject implements Subject {

    String msg;

    List<Observer> observers = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    public void registerObserver(Observer observer) {
        observers.add(observer);
    }

    @Override
    public void removeObserver(Observer observer) {
        observers.remove(observer);
        System.out.println(observer.getName() + "===>>> 取消关注了...");
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObserver() {
        for (Observer observer : observers) {
            observer.update(msg);
        }
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
        this.notifyObserver();
    }
}

/**
 * 观察者
 *
 * @author liuyongtao
 * @since 2021-3-5 9:27
 */
public interface Observer {

    String getName();

    void update(String msg);
}

/**
 * 观察实现
 *
 * @author liuyongtao
 * @since 2021-3-5 9:35
 */
public class OrderObserver implements Observer {

    private String name;

    public OrderObserver(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void update(String msg) {
        System.out.println(name + "===>>> 执行具体业务:===>>>" + msg);
    }
}

/**
 * 测试
 *
 * @author liuyongtao
 * @since 2021-3-5 9:37
 */
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        OrderSubject orderSubject = new OrderSubject();

        OrderObserver orderObserver = new OrderObserver("AA");
        OrderObserver orderObserver2 = new OrderObserver("BB");

        orderSubject.registerObserver(orderObserver);
        orderSubject.registerObserver(orderObserver2);

        orderSubject.setMsg("今天查水表");

        orderSubject.removeObserver(orderObserver2);

        orderSubject.setMsg("今天还要查水表");
    }
}

测试