java实现将数据生成图表至excel导出(包括折线图,柱状图,饼状图)

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-28 16:04:47 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java excel 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lyq2017901206/article/details/128075333

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1. 目的

根据已有数据，手动（java后台）生成图表至excel并导出。用于后台查询到数据后直接创建图表，可以代替直接使用图表信息字符串。

2. 说明

使用jfree图表绘制类库绘制图表，并生成到本地或读取至输出流用于在excel中生成；
使用poi操作excel；

3. 使用jar包

使用maven管理jar包，主要包含poi和jfree：

    <properties>
        <poi-version>3.11</poi-version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>${poi-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>${poi-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>${poi-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/jfree/jcommon -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jfree</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcommon</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.16</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/jfree/jfreechart -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jfree</groupId>
            <artifactId>jfreechart</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.13</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

4. 实现

4.1 生成饼图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;
import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // excel2003工作表
        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建工作表
        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");
        // 创建字节输出流
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        //如 果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来
        Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);
        // 创建数据：饼状图就是名称和值（比例）
        Map<String, Double> map=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        map.put("录播主机", (double) 1000);
        map.put("编码器", (double) 700);
        map.put("摄像机", (double) 600);
        map.put("流转码服务器", (double) 400);
        // 创建JFreeChart
        JFreeChart chart = createPort("故障设备类型比例", map, font);
        // 读取chart信息至字节输出流
        ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);
        // 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）
        HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // anchor主要用于设置图片的属性
        HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);
        anchor.setAnchorType(3);
        // 插入图片
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));
        // excel2003后缀
        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel4.xls");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }

    public static JFreeChart createPort(String title, Map<String, Double> datas, Font font) {
        try {
            Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set = datas.entrySet();
            DefaultPieDataset pds = new DefaultPieDataset();
            Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
            Map.Entry entry;
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                entry = (Map.Entry) iterator.next();
                pds.setValue(entry.getKey().toString(), Double.parseDouble(entry.getValue().toString()));
            }
            // 生成一个饼图的图表：显示图表的标题、组装的数据、是否显示图例、是否生成贴士以及是否生成URL链接
            JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(title, pds, true, false, true);
            // 设置图片标题的字体
            chart.getTitle().setFont(font);
            // 得到图块,准备设置标签的字体
            PiePlot plot = (PiePlot) chart.getPlot();
            //设置分裂效果,需要指定分裂出去的key
//            plot.setExplodePercent("摄像机", 0.1);  分裂效果，可选
            // 设置标签字体
            plot.setLabelFont(font);
            // 设置图例项目字体
            chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);
            // 设置开始角度
//            plot.setStartAngle(new Float(3.14f / 2f));  开始角度，意义不大
            //设置plot的前景色透明度
            plot.setForegroundAlpha(0.7f);
            //设置plot的背景色透明度
            plot.setBackgroundAlpha(0.0f);
            //设置标签生成器(默认{0})
            //{0}:key {1}:value {2}:百分比 {3}:sum
            plot.setLabelGenerator(new StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator("{0}({1})/{2}"));  // 一般在{1}后面加单位，如：{0}({1}次)/{2}
            //将内存中的图片写到本地硬盘
//            ChartUtilities.saveChartAsJPEG(new File("H:/a.png"), chart, 600, 300);
            return chart;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

4.2 生成折线图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // excel2003工作表
        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建工作表
        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");
        // 创建字节输出流
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        //如 果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来
        Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);
        // 创建数据
        Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas =new HashMap<String, Map<String,Double>>();

        Map<String, Double> map1=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map2=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map3=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map4=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map5=new HashMap<String, Double>();

        map1.put("故障数量", (double) 20);
        map2.put("故障数量", (double) 30);
        map3.put("故障数量", (double) 25);
        map4.put("故障数量", (double) 50);
        map5.put("故障数量", (double) 40);

        //压入数据
        datas.put("一月", map1);
        datas.put("二月", map2);
        datas.put("三月", map3);
        datas.put("四月", map4);
        datas.put("五月", map5);

        JFreeChart chart = createPort("故障数量-时间曲线", datas, "月份", "故障次数（次）", font);

        // 读取chart信息至字节输出流
        ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);
        // 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）
        HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // anchor主要用于设置图片的属性
        HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);
        anchor.setAnchorType(3);
        // 插入图片
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));
        // excel2003后缀
        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel5.xls");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }

    public static JFreeChart createPort(String title, Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas, String type, String unit, Font font) {
        try {
            DefaultCategoryDataset ds = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
            Set<Map.Entry<String, Map<String, Double>>> set1 = datas.entrySet();
            Iterator iterator1 = set1.iterator();
            Iterator iterator2;
            HashMap<String, Double> map;
            Set<Map.Entry<String, Double>> set2;
            Map.Entry entry1;
            Map.Entry entry2;
            while (iterator1.hasNext()) {
                entry1 = (Map.Entry) iterator1.next();
                map = (HashMap<String, Double>) entry1.getValue();
                set2 = map.entrySet();
                iterator2 = set2.iterator();
                while (iterator2.hasNext()) {
                    entry2 = (Map.Entry) iterator2.next();
                    ds.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry2.getValue().toString()), entry2.getKey().toString(), entry1.getKey().toString());
                }
            }

            //创建折线图,折线图分水平显示和垂直显示两种
            // //2D折线图
            JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(title, type, unit, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, true);
            // //3D折线图
//            JFreeChart chart2 = ChartFactory.createLineChart3D(title, type, unit, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, false);

            //设置整个图片的标题字体
            chart.getTitle().setFont(font);

            //设置提示条字体
            font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);
            chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);

            //得到绘图区
            CategoryPlot plot = (CategoryPlot) chart.getPlot();
            //得到绘图区的域轴(横轴),设置标签的字体
            plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(font);

            //设置横轴标签项字体
            plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(font);

            //设置范围轴(纵轴)字体
            font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 18);
            plot.getRangeAxis().setLabelFont(font);
//            plot.setForegroundAlpha(1.0f);
            return chart;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

4.3 生成柱状图

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartUtilities;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.labels.StandardPieSectionLabelGenerator;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PiePlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;
import org.jfree.data.general.DefaultPieDataset;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class TestPoiAndJfreeChart2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // excel2003工作表
        HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
        // 创建工作表
        HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Sheet 1");
        // 创建字节输出流
        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        //如 果不使用Font,中文将显示不出来
        Font font = new Font("新宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);
        // 创建数据
        Map<String, Map<String, Double>> datas =new HashMap<String, Map<String,Double>>();

        Map<String, Double> map1=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map2=new HashMap<String, Double>();
        Map<String, Double> map3=new HashMap<String, Double>();

        map1.put("故障数", (double) 1000);
        map2.put("故障数", (double) 1300);
        map3.put("故障数", (double) 1000);

        //压入数据
        datas.put("设备网络掉线", map1);
        datas.put("CPU利用率高", map2);
        datas.put("磁盘占用高", map3);

        JFreeChart chart = createPort("故障类型比例",datas,"故障类型","数量单位（个）",font);
        // 读取chart信息至字节输出流
        ChartUtilities.writeChartAsPNG(byteArrayOut, chart, 600, 300);
        // 画图的顶级管理器，一个sheet只能获取一个（一定要注意这点）
        HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
        // anchor主要用于设置图片的属性
        HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 2, (short) 1, (short) 12, (short) 15);
        anchor.setAnchorType(3);
        // 插入图片
        patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG));
        // excel2003后缀
        FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("h://myExcel6.xls");
        wb.write(fileOut);
        fileOut.close();
    }

    public static JFreeChart createPort(String title,Map<String,Map<String,Double>> datas,String type,String danwei,Font font){
        try {
            //种类数据集
            DefaultCategoryDataset ds = new DefaultCategoryDataset();


            //获取迭代器：
            Set<Map.Entry<String, Map<String, Double>>> set1 =  datas.entrySet();
            Iterator iterator1= set1.iterator();
            Iterator iterator2;
            HashMap<String, Double> map;
            Set<Map.Entry<String,Double>> set2;
            Map.Entry entry1;
            Map.Entry entry2;

            while(iterator1.hasNext()){
                entry1=(Map.Entry) iterator1.next();

                map=(HashMap<String, Double>) entry1.getValue();
                set2=map.entrySet();
                iterator2=set2.iterator();
                while (iterator2.hasNext()) {
                    entry2= (Map.Entry) iterator2.next();
                    ds.setValue(Double.parseDouble(entry2.getValue().toString()), entry2.getKey().toString(), entry1.getKey().toString());
                }
            }

            //创建柱状图,柱状图分水平显示和垂直显示两种
            JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(title, type, danwei, ds, PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, true, true, true);

            //设置整个图片的标题字体
            chart.getTitle().setFont(font);

            //设置提示条字体
            font = new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 15);
            chart.getLegend().setItemFont(font);

            //得到绘图区
            CategoryPlot plot = (CategoryPlot) chart.getPlot();
            //得到绘图区的域轴(横轴),设置标签的字体
            plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(font);

            //设置横轴标签项字体
            plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(font);

            //设置范围轴(纵轴)字体
            plot.getRangeAxis().setLabelFont(font);

            plot.setForegroundAlpha(1.0f);
            return chart;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

5. 补充

上图是在excel中创建图表的简单方式。具体样式或者构造图表的方法可以参考API自行定义。参考链接：http://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/api/javadoc/org/jfree/chart/ChartFactory.html
https://www.open-open.com/wenku/tag/jfreechart.html

原文作者：AdoredU
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/6c4f3832c396

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java实现将数据生成图表至excel导出(包括折线图,柱状图,饼状图)

根据已有数据，手动（java后台）生成图表至excel并导出。用于后台查询到数据后直接创建图表，可以代替直接使用图表信息字符串。上图是在excel中创建图表的简单方式。具体样式或者构造图表的方法可以参考API自行定义。
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