CLR via C# has following rules:
The callvirt IL instruction can be used to call instance and virtual methods, not static methods. When the callvirt instruction is used to call an instance or virtual method, you must specify a variable that refers to an object. When the callvirt IL instruction is used to call a nonvirtual instance method, the type of the variable indicates which type defines the method that the CLR should call. When the callvirt IL instruction is used to call a virtual instance method, the CLR discovers the actual type of the object being used to make the call and then calls the method polymorphically.
Take a look at following two examples:
Example1.
class BaseClass
{
internal void TestMethod1()
{
Console.WriteLine("BaseMethod1");
TestMethod2();
}
internal virtual void TestMethod2()
{
Console.WriteLine("BaseMethod2");
}
}
class SubClass : BaseClass
{
internal new void TestMethod1()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubMethod1");
TestMethod2();
base.TestMethod1();
}
internal override void TestMethod2()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubMethod2");
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SubClass sub = new SubClass ();
sub.TestMethod1();
}
What's the output on console?
SubMethod1
SubMethod2
BaseMethod1
SubMethod2
Example2:
class BaseClass
{
internal void TestMethod1()
{
Console.WriteLine("BaseMethod1");
TestMethod2();
}
internal virtual void TestMethod2()
{
Console.WriteLine("BaseMethod2");
}
}
class SubClass : BaseClass
{
internal new void TestMethod1()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubMethod1");
TestMethod2();
base.TestMethod1();
}
internal override void TestMethod2()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubMethod2");
}
}
class SubSubClass : SubClass
{
internal new void TestMethod1()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubSubMethod1");
TestMethod2();
base.TestMethod1();
}
internal override void TestMethod2()
{
Console.WriteLine("SubSubMethod2");
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SubSubClass sub = new SubSubClass();
sub.TestMethod1();
}
What's the output on console?
SubSubMethod1
SubSubMethod2
SubMethod1
SubSubMethod2
BaseMethod1
SubSubMethod2