centos8上源码安装qt-5.15.3

步骤：

tar xf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.3.tar
cd qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3/
./configure --prefix=/home/install/qt-5.15.3  -opensource  -shared  -static  -compile-examples  -xcb
time make -j 8
time make install -j 8

问题1：

Feature 'xcb' was enabled, but the pre-condition 'features.thread  && libs.xcb && tests.xcb_syslibs && features.xkbcommon-x11' failed.

现象：

(base) [lzc@localhost qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3]$ ./configure  --prefix=/home/install/qt-5.15.3  -opensource  -shared  -static   -compile-examples -xcb
+ cd qtbase
+  /home/data/lzc/technic/coding/lang/qt/release/5.15.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3/qtbase/configure -top-level --prefix=/home/install/qt-5.15.3  -opensource -shared -static -compile-examples -xcb
Creating qmake...
.Done.

...

Note: The following modules are not being compiled in this  configuration:
    webenginecore
    webengine
    webenginewidgets
    pdf
    pdfwidgets
WARNING: QDoc will not be compiled, probably because libclang could not  be located. This means that you cannot build the Qt documentation.
Either ensure that llvm-config is in your PATH environment variable, or  set LLVM_INSTALL_DIR to the location of your llvm installation.
On Linux systems, you may be able to install libclang by installing the  libclang-dev or libclang-devel package, depending on your distribution.
On macOS, you can use Homebrew's llvm package.
On Windows, you must set LLVM_INSTALL_DIR to the installation path.
WARNING: Tool gperf is required to build QtWebEngine.
WARNING: Tool gperf is required to build QtPdf.
WARNING: QtWebEngine will not be built.
WARNING: QtPdf will not be built.
ERROR: Feature 'xcb' was enabled, but the pre-condition 'features.thread  && libs.xcb && tests.xcb_syslibs && features.xkbcommon-x11' failed.
Check config.log for details.

网上有很多这类解决方法，总体思路是安装缺失xcb库，这些库需要覆盖：

Qt for X11 Requirements | Qt 5.15

libfontconfig1-dev
libfreetype6-dev
libx11-dev
libx11-xcb-dev
libxext-dev
libxfixes-dev
libxi-dev
libxrender-dev
libxcb1-dev
libxcb-glx0-dev
libxcb-keysyms1-dev
libxcb-image0-dev
libxcb-shm0-dev
libxcb-icccm4-dev
libxcb-sync0-dev
libxcb-xfixes0-dev
libxcb-shape0-dev
libxcb-randr0-dev
libxcb-render-util0-dev
libxcd-xinerama-dev
libxkbcommon-dev
libxkbcommon-x11-dev

但是在我的centos8上这些库用yum list查看都是安装好的，或者yum reinstall重新安装都解决不了问题。

最后通过分析config.log发现提示是xcb_icccm库not foud：

/usr/bin/pkg-config --modversion xcb-icccm '>=' 0.3.9

not found

但事实上这个库在系统里面已经是安装的：

(base) [root@localhost qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3]# ll /lib64/libxcb-icccm.*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 87378 Apr  5 11:36 /lib64/libxcb-icccm.a
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   975 Apr  5 11:36 /lib64/libxcb-icccm.la
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    21 Apr  5 11:36 /lib64/libxcb-icccm.so -> libxcb-icccm.so.4.0.0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    21 Apr  5 11:36 /lib64/libxcb-icccm.so.4 -> libxcb-icccm.so.4.0.0
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 56360 Apr  5 11:36 /lib64/libxcb-icccm.so.4.0.0

config.log里面所谓的找不到是pkt-config找不到，那为什么xcb却能找到：

+ /usr/bin/pkg-config --modversion xcb '>=' 1.11
> 1.13.1

pkt-config找库的原理是通过识别一类后缀名“pc”的文件来实现的，比如“ xcb-renderutil.pc”，这些问题一般放在如下目录里面：

/lib64/pkgconfig/
/usr/lib64/pkgconfig/

也即是说libxcb-icccm的.pc文件没有被pkt-config找到而xcb却能够被找到，进而发现，在/lib64/pkgconfig/下面没有xcb-icccm.pc文件。

解决方法：

到这个网址去下载对应的rqm文件安装，

https://centos.pkgs.org/8/centos-powertools-x86_64

或者到这个网址去下载源码安装，安装路径为 --prefix=/usr

https://xcb.freedesktop.org/

潜在风险是可能面临依赖问题。

解决libxcb-icccm问题后，陆续发现还存在以及库找不到情况，特别是libxkbcommon-x11以来比较多，没法继续：

xcb-util-renderutil
xcb-util-keysyms
xcb-util-image
libxkbcommon-x11

也就是说 libxkbcommon-x11必须由yum install来安装。

在对应的页面上：

https://centos.pkgs.org/8/centos-powertools-x86_64/libxkbcommon-x11-devel-0.9.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm.html

有如下提示：

Install Howto
Install libxkbcommon-x11-devel rpm package:# dnf --enablerepo=powertools install libxkbcommon-x11-devel

找一个yum/dnf 国内源，使用dnf安装解决问题。

问题2：

/home/data/lzc/technic/coding/lang/qt/release/5.15.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3/qtbase/src/corelib/text/qbytearraymatcher.h:103:38: error: ‘numeric_limits’ is not a member of ‘std’
  103 |         const auto uchar_max = (std::numeric_limits<uchar>::max)();
      |                                      ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/data/lzc/technic/coding/lang/qt/release/5.15.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3/qtbase/src/corelib/text/qbytearraymatcher.h:103:58: error: expected primary-expression before
‘>’ token
  103 |         const auto uchar_max = (std::numeric_limits<uchar>::max)();
      |                                                          ^
/home/data/lzc/technic/coding/lang/qt/release/5.15.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.3/qtbase/src/corelib/text/qbytearraymatcher.h:103:61: error: ‘::max’ has not been declared; did you mean ‘std::max’?
  103 |         const auto uchar_max = (std::numeric_limits<uchar>::max)();
      |                                                             ^~~
      |                                                             std::max


In file included from qqmlprofilerevent.cpp:40:
qqmlprofilerevent_p.h: In member function ‘void QQmlProfilerEvent::assignNumbers(const Container&)’:
qqmlprofilerevent_p.h:314:65: error: ‘numeric_limits’ is not a member of ‘std’
  314 |                     static_cast<quint16>(numbers.size()) : std::numeric_limits<quint16>::max();
      |                                                                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
qqmlprofilerevent_p.h:314:87: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
  314 |                     static_cast<quint16>(numbers.size()) : std::numeric_limits<quint16>::max();
      |                                                                                       ^
qqmlprofilerevent_p.h:314:90: error: ‘::max’ has not been declared; did you mean ‘std::max’?
  314 |                     static_cast<quint16>(numbers.size()) : std::numeric_limits<quint16>::max();
      |                                                                                          ^~~
      |                                                                                          std::max
In file included from /home/install/gcc-11.2.0/include/c++/11.2.0/algorithm:62,

解决方法：

找到对应的头文件，添加标准库:

#include <limits>