public class TestDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Person p=new Women();
System.out.println("p.name:"+p.name);
p.show();
System.out.println("p.name:"+p.name);
}
}
class Person{
public String name;
public Person()
{
name="person";
}
public void show()
{
System.out.println("class person's show()");
}
}
class Women extends Person
{
public String name;
public Women()
{
name="women";
}
public void show2()
{
System.out.println("class women's show()");
}
}
输出结果;
p.name:person
class women's show()
p.name:person
Person p=new Women()(Women类继承自Person类)那么,假如p的属性修饰符为public 访问属性时得到的是Person类的属性还是Women类的属性,方法调用又是哪个类?答案:会得到Person类的属性,调用Women类的方法。为什么会这样呢?这里就需要知道什么是编译时类型和运行时类型,Java程序状态会分为编译和运行这两种状态,编译时,JVM会在栈中静态创建基本数据变量,和引用数据变量的引用,回到刚刚那句代码,显然,p这个引用就是在编译时创建的,那么,p的编译时类型就是Person了,当运行这句java代码时,JVM在堆中为p新建一块内存,对应new Women()这句代码,所以p的运行时类型就是Women
public class Father {
public String name;
public Father(){
this.name = "father";
}
public void show(){
System.out.println("father's name : " + this.name);
}
}
public class Son extends Father {
public String name;
public Son(){
this.name = "son";
}
public void show(){
System.out.println("Son's name: " + this.name);
}
public void show2(){
System.out.println("show2");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Father son = new Son();
son.show2();//此处就会报错
}
}
原因:
编写Java程序时,引用类型只能调用其编译时类型的变量,不能调用其运行时的类型变量。此时的show2()方法就是运行时的变量。