Networking and Sockets (2)

Connectionless Sockets

peer to peer 

Datagrams

Connectionless communications uses datagrams, which are independent chunks of data containing a destination address.There's no attempt to keep datagrams in order, and no guarantee that they'll even arrive. By contrast, a SOCK_STREAM garantees both ordering and arrival.

 

sendto -- send message to socket

#include <sys/socket.h>

ssize_t sendto(

    int socket_fd,

    const void* message,

    size_t length,

    ing flags,

    const struct sockaddr *sa,

    socklen_t sa_len

);

recvfrom -- recevie message from socket

ssize_t recvfrom(

    int sock_fd,

    void* buffer,

    size_t length,

    int flags,

    struct sockadd* sa,

    socklen_t* sa_len

);

 sendmsg -- send message to socket using msghdr structure

#include <sys/socket.h>

ssize_t sendmsg(

    int socket_fd,

    const struct msghdr* message,

    int flag

);

recvmsg -- receive message from socket using msghdr structure.

ssize_t recvmsg(

    int socket_fd,

    struct msghdr* message,

    int flags

);

struct msghdr {

    void *msg_name;  /* socket address */

    socklen_t msg_namelen; /* size of address */

    struct iovec* msg_iov;

    int msg_iovlen;

    void* msg_control;

    socklen_t msg_controllen;

    int msg_flags;

}

Out-of-Band Data

To send an urgent message on a socket connection, it's usually sent out-of-band, so that it won't wait for data sent ahead of it to finish.

To send an out-of-band message, set the MSG_OOB flag with sendto, sendmsg or send.