python3.x 笔记（1）

一、变量

name = "chen"  #把字符串chen赋值给变量 name

name = chen  #把变量chen的值 给变量name

#格式化输出（一）

name = "Eliott"

age = 20

info = '''

--------------- info of  %s ------------------

name : %s

age: %s

''' % (name,name,age)

print(info);

#格式化输出（二）

name = "Eliott"

age = 20

info = '''

--------------- info of  {_name} ------------------

name : {_name}

age: {_age}

''' .formart(_name = name , _age = age)

print(info);

#格式化输出（三）

name = "Eliott"

age = 20

info = '''

--------------- info of  {0} ------------------

name : {0}

age: {1}

''' .formart(name , age)

print(info);

#格式化输出（四）

name = "Eliott"

age = 20

info = '''

--------------- info of  ''' + name + '''------------------

name : ''' + name + '''

age: ''' + age + '''

'''

print(info);

#不推荐最后两种输出方式

# %s str类型  %d 整型  %f 浮点型

二、字符集

# -*- coding: utf8 -*-    #指定字符集utf，python 3.x中默认utf8  含有中文等一些特殊字符不加不会报错，但python 2.x中需要添加

三、交互

name = input("Pls enter your name :")  #提示输入，并把输入的值赋给变量 name

age = int(input("Pls enter your age:"))  #用户输入都是字符串，str => int   使用 int()  , int => str  使用str()

四、流程判断

     1) if ...else

         name = "chen"

         _name = input("Pls enter your name:")

         if name == _name:

             print("You got it")

         else:

             print("name is wrong")

           

     2) if ..elif .. else

         age = 25

         _age = int(input("Pls guess age:")

         if age == _age:

             print("You got it")

         elif age > _age:

             print("Age is small...")

         else:

             print("Age is big...")

     3) while..else   

         age = 25

         count = 0

         while count < 3:

             _age = int(input("Pls guess age:")

             if age == _age:

                 print("You got it")

             elif age > _age:

                 print("Age is small...")

             else:

                 print("Age is big...")        

             count +=1  # count = count + 1

         else:

             print("You have tried too many times !")       

     

     4) for.. else

         age = 25

         for count  in range(3):

             _age = int(input("Pls guess age:")

             if age == _age:

                 print("You got it")

             elif age > _age:

                 print("Age is small...")

             else:

                 print("Age is big...")        

         else:

             print("You have tried too many times !")        

     5) for

         for  i in range (begin,num,interval):    # begin 是开位置 ，num次数 ，interval 是间隔（默认是1）

         for  i  in  range (0,10,2):

               print("Loop :",i)

         result:

         0

         2

         4

         6

         8 

     6) continue & break

         continue #跳过本次循环

         beak   #结束当前循环