[英语语法]词法之连词

连词一共分为两种，从属连词和并列连词。连词是将一个句子与一个句子连接的关键。有了它，句子自然加长n倍。从简单句瞬间变成长难句。

并列连词

没错，他就是将句子变长的罪魁祸首。有了它，我们写的句子更高级。

连词分类	并列连词	例句
递进或顺承关系	and,not only…but (also),both…and…,neither…nor	She is not only kind but also honest.她不仅仅善良而且诚实. Both Tom and Mike are interested in reading.汤姆和迈克都喜欢看书.
转折关系	but,yet	The car is very old but it runs very fast.这辆车很旧，但是它跑得很快. Jane said she was ill,yet I saw her in the street just now.简说她病了,但刚才我在街上看到了她.
选择关系	or,either…or…,not…but…	Either his parents or his uncle is going to Hong Kong不是他的父母就是他的叔叔要去香港。 He is not a teacher but a winter.他不是一位教师而是一位作家。
因果关系	so,for	The shops were closed so I didn’t get any milk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶. It must have rained last night for it is well all over 昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处到处都是湿的。
对比关系	while	The walls are green,while the ceiling is white.墙是绿色的，而天花板是白色的. There is no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man also intelligent fails.没办法知道为什么有人能够有重大发现，而有的人同样聪明，却不能。

当博主罗列出常见的并列连词，又想起博主高中时曾学过的古文。博主的古文之乎者也各种虚词用法用得贼灵清。想起英语的并列连词其实也有虚词的味道。希望大家能将一到两个例句牢记在心，方能将内容有的放矢才对。

在这里又想起when的用法，when一直认为它就当作“当…时”来翻译，随便引导个时间状语从句，没想到它竟然可以当作连词来讲。其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time.常用的下列句式是：

• Sb. be doing sth. when…
• Sb. be about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when…
• Sb. had just done sth. when…

如果头铁的一直翻译，“当…时”引导时间状语，会发现在这里遇到卡壳。因为这样翻译的不顺畅，比如下列例句：

• I was doing my homework when the light went out. 我正在做作业，就在那时停电了(这是土鳖翻译：当停电了，我在做作业…天壤之别)
• We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨.

从属连词

引导从句的从属连词一般分为两类：也就是引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。

引导名词性从句

分类	所作成分	例句
that	只起连接作用	That Jane let out the news annoyed all of us. 简泄露消息的事使我们很生气(主语从句) Your greatest fault is that you are careless. 你最大的缺点是粗心大意.(表语从句)
whether,if	只起连接作用，不充当任何成份	I wonder if he has finished his work. 我想知道他是否已经完成了工作. The question is whether they will become Olympic champions. 问题是他们是否会成为奥林匹克冠军.(表语从句)

引导状语从句

分类	从属连词	例句
时间状语从句	when,while,as,after,before,since,till/until,once,as soon as,the moment/instant,no sooner…than,hardly…when等	I hadn’t realized that I was wrong until you told me all about it. 直到你告诉我这一切，我才知道我错了.
原因状语从句	as,because,since,now that(既然),seeing that(因为),considering that (因为) ,in that(因为)等	He didn’t go to school because he was ill. 他因为生病没去上学。
地点状语从句	where,wherever等	Where I go,I find the same thing. 不管我到哪里，我都遇到同样的情况.
条件状语从句	if,unless,so/as,long as,in case,on condition that,supposing(that)(如果,假使),pwovided/providing(如果)等	He will not come unless he is invited.除非被邀请，否则他是不会来的.
目的状语从句	so that,lest(唯恐),for fear that,in order that,in case(以免)等	You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains. 你最好带上雨伞,以防下雨
结果状语从句	so that,such…that,so…that等	The teacher explanied very clearly so that we all understood. 老师解释得非常清楚，因此我们都懂了.
让步状语从句	though/although,as even if/even though, however,whatever,whoever,no matter how/what/which/…等	However you look at it,it was a good thing to do. 不管你怎么看待这件事情,它都是一件好事.
方式状语从句	as, as if/as though等	You treat them as if they were your parents. 你对待他们如同自己的父母.
比较状语从句	as.as…as…,not so/as…as…,than等	She was now happier than else had ever been. 这时的她比过去快乐.

博主，博主，为什么你不多列几个句子？更全！
博主：错，把从属连词记住，每一种代表都能体会出连词所表达的细微意思就行了，牢记：量不代表质。

博主，课外都是找《新2》去体会这几个句子，尤其在第48课以后，每体会一句都能啧啧称赞，挺棒的！