MySQL的Docker镜像使用

单实例配置

• 版本：

目前MySQL常用的有5.7和8两个大版本，他们的配置方式，连接参数等都有所不同。

没特别之处的情况下，这里都指的是5.7

docker pull mysql:5.7.24

# 外网访问不了就用这个
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/sherry/mysql:5.7

my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
max_connections=300
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake

假设文件路径为：/Users/zhangliuning/opt/volumes/mysql/config/my.cnf

数据目录：/Users/zhangliuning/opt/volumes/mysql/data

启动脚本

docker run --name mysql \
    -d -p 3306:3306 \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
    --restart=always \
    -e TZ=Asis/Shanghai \
    -v /Users/zhangliuning/opt/volumes/mysql/config/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
    -v /Users/zhangliuning/opt/volumes/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
    mysql:5.7.24 \
    --character-set-server=utf8mb4 \
    --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci \
    --character-set-client-handshake=FALSE 

查看字符集：show variables like'character%';

最大连接数配置

• 查看

show variables like '%max_connections%';

• 修改

set GLOBAL max_connections = 200;

注意：重启后会失效，仅对当前MySQL进程有效。

读写分离数据库环境搭建

一主一从模式

创建master数据库

/home/yiding/mysql-master/config/mysql.cnf

[mysqld]
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir    = /var/lib/mysql

symbolic-links=0

character-set-server = utf8
#skip-networking
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
max_connections = 2000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 28M
key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M

ft_min_word_len = 4

log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog_format = mixed

performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

#lower_case_table_names = 1

interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

# Recommended in standard MySQL setup

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

启动master数据库

创建slave数据库

[mysqld]
pid-file    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket    = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir    = /var/lib/mysql

symbolic-links=0

character-set-server = utf8
#skip-networking
innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
max_connections = 2000
max_connect_errors = 6000
open_files_limit = 65535
table_open_cache = 128
max_allowed_packet = 4M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 8M
tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 28M
key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 8M
query_cache_limit = 2M

ft_min_word_len = 4

log-bin = mysql-bin
server-id = 2
binlog_format = mixed

performance_schema = 0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

#lower_case_table_names = 1

interactive_timeout = 28800
wait_timeout = 28800

# Recommended in standard MySQL setup

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer = 4M
write_buffer = 4M

启动slave数据库

master数据库设置

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'master密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'reader'@'%' identified by '给slave的密码';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;//记住这个结果
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000007 |      675 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

salve数据库设置

mysql> grant SHOW DATABASES,SELECT on *.* to 'slave'@'%' identified by 'salve密码';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.3.112',master_port=3308,master_user='reader',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=675;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.03 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)



mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.9
                  Master_User: reader
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 501
               Relay_Log_File: 0b763a8d1ddd-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes