oracle11g 修改字符集为ZHS16GBK

1.登录服务器

2.su - oracle

3.输入

sqlplus /nolog

注意 /nolog中间没有空格

conn /as sysdba 

或者 sqlplus / as sysdba

4.将数据库启动到RESTRICTED模式下做字符集更改：

SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

略

19 rows selected.

重启检查是否更改完成：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes

Fixed Size 451684 bytes

Variable Size 201326592 bytes

Database Buffers 33554432 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;