Kafka API之Producer API

消息发送流程

Kafka的Producer发送消息采用的是异步发送的方式。在消息发送的过程中，涉及到了两个线程——main线程和Sender线程，以及一个线程共享变量——RecordAccumulator。main线程将消息发送给RecordAccumulator，Sender线程不断从RecordAccumulator中拉取消息发送到Kafka broker。

相关参数：

batch.size：只有数据积累到batch.size之后，sender才会发送数据。

linger.ms：如果数据迟迟未达到batch.size，sender等待linger.time之后就会发送数据。

 

异步发送API

1）导入依赖

<dependency>

<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>

<artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>

<version>0.11.0.0</version>

</dependency>

2）编写代码

需要用到的类：

KafkaProducer：需要创建一个生产者对象，用来发送数据

ProducerConfig：获取所需的一系列配置参数

ProducerRecord：每条数据都要封装成一个ProducerRecord对象

1.不带回调函数的API

package com.atguigu.kafka;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;

import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop102:9092");//kafka集群，broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重试次数
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待时间
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");


        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", Integer.toString(i), Integer.toString(i)));

        }

        producer.close();

    }

}

2.带回调函数的API

回调函数会在producer收到ack时调用，为异步调用，该方法有两个参数，分别是RecordMetadata和Exception，如果Exception为null，说明消息发送成功，如果Exception不为null，说明消息发送失败。

注意：消息发送失败会自动重试，不需要我们在回调函数中手动重试。

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;

import java.util.Properties;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {

        Properties props = new Properties();

        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop102:9092");//kafka集群，broker-list

        props.put("acks", "all");

        props.put("retries", 1);//重试次数

        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小

        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待时间

        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小

        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", Integer.toString(i), Integer.toString(i)), new Callback() {

                //回调函数，该方法会在Producer收到ack时调用，为异步调用

                @Override

                public void onCompletion(RecordMetadata metadata, Exception exception) {

                    if (exception == null) {

                        System.out.println("success->" + metadata.offset());

                    } else {

                        exception.printStackTrace();

                    }

                }

            });

        }

        producer.close();

    }

}

 同步发送API

    同步发送的意思就是，一条消息发送之后，会阻塞当前线程，直至返回ack。
由于send方法返回的是一个Future对象，根据Futrue对象的特点，我们也可以实现同步发送的效果，只需在调用Future对象的get方发即可。

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;

import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class CustomProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop102:9092");//kafka集群，broker-list
        props.put("acks", "all");
        props.put("retries", 1);//重试次数
        props.put("batch.size", 16384);//批次大小
        props.put("linger.ms", 1);//等待时间
        props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);//RecordAccumulator缓冲区大小
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");

        Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", Integer.toString(i), Integer.toString(i))).get();
        }
        producer.close();
    }
}