本文包含springboot2.x版本和3.x版本的解决方案
最近项目有个需求,要在启动后,动态修改@FeignClient的请求路径,网上找到的基本都是在@FeignClient里使用${…},通过配置文件来定义Feign的接口路径,这并不能满足我们的需求
由于某些特殊原因,我们的每个接口都有一个interfacePath,定义在接口上的自定义注解中
也就是说@FeignClient定义的接口继承自其他模块,而其他模块的接口上有个自定义注解,描述了该接口的interfacePath,如下:
@FeignClient(value = "x-module")
public interface XXXService extends XApi{
}
@XXXMapping("/member")
public interface XApi {
所以我们需要在每个@FeignClient中将这个@XXXMapping的值添加到path属性,作为跨服务调用的前缀,如果要手动处理每个@FeignClient前缀,未免太不友好,我们希望这个能由程序自动处理
首先看下@FeignClient扫描的过程,看看有没有合适的时机来处理这个问题
使用Feign的项目,一般会在启动类添加注解@EnableFeignClients,先点进这个注解看下
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Documented
@Import({FeignClientsRegistrar.class})
public @interface EnableFeignClients {
String[] value() default {};
String[] basePackages() default {};
Class<?>[] basePackageClasses() default {};
Class<?>[] defaultConfiguration() default {};
Class<?>[] clients() default {};
}
它通过@Import注解导入了一个类FeignClientsRegistrar
class FeignClientsRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {
这个类实现了ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口,这个接口用于在Spring容器初始化过程中,向容器注册一些BeanDefinition,这属于Spring源码的范畴这里就不再赘述,直接看它的registerBeanDefinitions方法实现
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
this.registerDefaultConfiguration(metadata, registry);
this.registerFeignClients(metadata, registry);
}
只有两行代码,看名字第二行是注册FeignClient,那么我们的@FeignClient基本可以确定是这行代码在处理了,点进去
这个方法比较长,这里就只贴些关键代码
LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = new LinkedHashSet();
Map<String, Object> attrs = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(EnableFeignClients.class.getName());
......
......
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = this.getScanner();
scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AnnotationTypeFilter(FeignClient.class));
Set<String> basePackages = this.getBasePackages(metadata);
Iterator var8 = basePackages.iterator();
while(var8.hasNext()) {
String basePackage = (String)var8.next();
candidateComponents.addAll(scanner.findCandidateComponents(basePackage));
}
Iterator var13 = candidateComponents.iterator();
while(var13.hasNext()) {
BeanDefinition candidateComponent = (BeanDefinition)var13.next();
if (candidateComponent instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
AnnotatedBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition)candidateComponent;
AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = beanDefinition.getMetadata();
Assert.isTrue(annotationMetadata.isInterface(), "@FeignClient can only be specified on an interface");
Map<String, Object> attributes = annotationMetadata.getAnnotationAttributes(FeignClient.class.getCanonicalName());
String name = this.getClientName(attributes);
this.registerClientConfiguration(registry, name, attributes.get("configuration"));
this.registerFeignClient(registry, annotationMetadata, attributes);
}
}
......
......
先定义了一个扫描器,通过@FeignClient过滤出一组BeanDefinition,也就是上面的candidateComponents,然后遍历,其中有一行代码
Map<String, Object> attributes = annotationMetadata.getAnnotationAttributes(FeignClient.class.getCanonicalName());
这里就获取了@FeignClient里定义的各种属性,比如value 、path 、contextId等等
然后调用registerFeignClient方法完成注册,进入这个方法
private void registerFeignClient(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata, Map<String, Object> attributes) {
String className = annotationMetadata.getClassName();
Class clazz = ClassUtils.resolveClassName(className, (ClassLoader)null);
ConfigurableBeanFactory beanFactory = registry instanceof ConfigurableBeanFactory ? (ConfigurableBeanFactory)registry : null;
String contextId = this.getContextId(beanFactory, attributes);
String name = this.getName(attributes);
FeignClientFactoryBean factoryBean = new FeignClientFactoryBean();
factoryBean.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
factoryBean.setName(name);
factoryBean.setContextId(contextId);
factoryBean.setType(clazz);
factoryBean.setRefreshableClient(this.isClientRefreshEnabled());
BeanDefinitionBuilder definition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(clazz, () -> {
factoryBean.setUrl(this.getUrl(beanFactory, attributes));
factoryBean.setPath(this.getPath(beanFactory, attributes));
factoryBean.setDecode404(Boolean.parseBoolean(String.valueOf(attributes.get("decode404"))));
Object fallback = attributes.get("fallback");
if (fallback != null) {
factoryBean.setFallback(fallback instanceof Class ? (Class)fallback : ClassUtils.resolveClassName(fallback.toString(), (ClassLoader)null));
}
Object fallbackFactory = attributes.get("fallbackFactory");
if (fallbackFactory != null) {
factoryBean.setFallbackFactory(fallbackFactory instanceof Class ? (Class)fallbackFactory : ClassUtils.resolveClassName(fallbackFactory.toString(), (ClassLoader)null));
}
return factoryBean.getObject();
});
definition.setAutowireMode(2);
definition.setLazyInit(true);
this.validate(attributes);
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = definition.getBeanDefinition();
beanDefinition.setAttribute("factoryBeanObjectType", className);
beanDefinition.setAttribute("feignClientsRegistrarFactoryBean", factoryBean);
boolean primary = (Boolean)attributes.get("primary");
beanDefinition.setPrimary(primary);
String[] qualifiers = this.getQualifiers(attributes);
if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(qualifiers)) {
qualifiers = new String[]{contextId + "FeignClient"};
}
BeanDefinitionHolder holder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, className, qualifiers);
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(holder, registry);
this.registerOptionsBeanDefinition(registry, contextId);
}
这个方法虽然长但很清晰,先定义了一个FeignClientFactoryBean,然后生成一个BeanDefinitionBuilder,通过lambda传入了一个InstanceSupplier,其持有了FactoryBean,在InstanceSupplier中,通过设置FactoryBean的url、path属性,确定了@FeignClient请求的路径
我们通过debug观察一下最终生成的BeanDefinition长什么样子,进入registerBeanDefinition方法,先获取了beanName,这个名字就是我们自己接口的全路径名
第二行代码真正地往容器注册了BeanDefinition,在这行打个断点,并设置断点的条件,方便定位到我们的@FeignClient类
可以看到生成的BeanDefinition有个instanceSupplier属性
其内部的AnnotationAttributes就是从@FeignClient注解中解析到的配置,包括value、path等,是 一个Map结构
看到这里,便已经有了大致思路了,这里的InstanceSupplier,持有了从@FeignClinent中解析到的各种属性,并在将来实例化的时候,将这些属性处理为FeignClient的请求路径
那么我们只要在这步之后,实例化之前,将InstanceSupplier持有的属性修改掉,就可以实现动态修改@FeignClient的请求path了
ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar的处理发生在BeanFactoryPostProcessor的处理流程中,那么我们可以自定义一个BeanFactoryPostProcessor,来获取Feign处理后的BeanDefinition,取其InstanceSupplier,反射修改其属性
自定义一个BeanFactoryPostProcessor
public class FeignClientProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {
private String feignClientPackage;
private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
private Environment environment;
......
......
实现ResourceLoaderAware和EnvironmentAware接口 是为了扫描得到加了@FeignClient注解的类,因为Feign注册的BeanDefinition的名字就是我们接口的全路径名,所以可以扫描后到容器里根据类名取,上面看到有Feign扫描的过程,就直接copy过来用了
其中在EnvironmentAware的回调中,设置了一个Feign的扫描路径,因为此时还在Spring容器刷新的早期阶段,通过@Value注解是取不到配置的
@Override
public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
this.environment = environment;
this.feignClientPackage = environment.getProperty("feign.client.package");
}
扫描的代码基本上就是Feign的源码,略微修改,扫描的路径是自定义的,而不是从根路径扫,因为我们自己的项目,Feign接口是在指定位置的,然后扫描到的BeanDefinition,转化为类名,这样就得到了所有@FeignClient标注的类名列表
private List<String> scanFeignClient() {
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = this.getScanner();
scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AnnotationTypeFilter(FeignClient.class));
Set<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = scanner.findCandidateComponents(feignClientPackage);
return candidateComponents.stream().map(BeanDefinition::getBeanClassName).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
private ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider getScanner() {
return new ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(false, this.environment) {
protected boolean isCandidateComponent(AnnotatedBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
boolean isCandidate = false;
if (beanDefinition.getMetadata().isIndependent() && !beanDefinition.getMetadata().isAnnotation()) {
isCandidate = true;
}
return isCandidate;
}
};
}
然后针对每个类进行处理
先通过类实现的interface获取自定义注解的接口路径,然后通过类名从容器中获取到Feign处理过的BeanDefinition,取其InstanceSupplier,反射找到存储@FeignClient属性的map,拼接请求前缀作为path添加到map中
List<String> feignClientList = scanFeignClient();
feignClientList.forEach(item -> {
GenericBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (GenericBeanDefinition)configurableListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(item);
Class<?> clazz = beanDefinition.getBeanClass();
Class<?> apiInterface = Arrays.stream(clazz.getInterfaces()).filter(i -> i.getName().startsWith("com.xxx") && i.getName().endsWith("Api")).findAny().orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("基础路径未定义"));
XXXMapping annotation = apiInterface.getAnnotation(XXXMapping.class);
String interfacePath = annotation.value();
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = beanDefinition.getInstanceSupplier();
try {
Field[] declaredFields = instanceSupplier.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : declaredFields) {
if (field.getType().isAssignableFrom(Map.class)) {
field.setAccessible(true);
Map<String, String> map = (Map)field.get(instanceSupplier);
String basePath = map.get("value");
map.put("path", basePath + interfacePath);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("初始化FeignClient失败:", e);
}
});
完整代码
@Component
@Log4j2
public class FeignClientProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor, ResourceLoaderAware, EnvironmentAware {
private String feignClientPackage;
private ResourceLoader resourceLoader;
private Environment environment;
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
List<String> feignClientList = scanFeignClient();
feignClientList.forEach(item -> {
GenericBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (GenericBeanDefinition)configurableListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(item);
Class<?> clazz = beanDefinition.getBeanClass();
Class<?> apiInterface = Arrays.stream(clazz.getInterfaces()).filter(i -> i.getName().startsWith("com.aic") && i.getName().endsWith("Api")).findAny().orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("基础路径未定义"));
XXXMapping annotation = apiInterface.getAnnotation(XXXMapping.class);
String interfacePath = annotation.value();
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = beanDefinition.getInstanceSupplier();
try {
Field[] declaredFields = instanceSupplier.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : declaredFields) {
Class<?> type = field.getType();
if (type.isAssignableFrom(Map.class)) {
field.setAccessible(true);
Map<String, String> map = (Map)field.get(instanceSupplier);
String basePath = map.get("value");
map.put("path", basePath + interfacePath);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("初始化FeignClient失败:", e);
}
});
}
private List<String> scanFeignClient() {
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider scanner = this.getScanner();
scanner.setResourceLoader(this.resourceLoader);
scanner.addIncludeFilter(new AnnotationTypeFilter(FeignClient.class));
Set<BeanDefinition> candidateComponents = scanner.findCandidateComponents(feignClientPackage);
return candidateComponents.stream().map(BeanDefinition::getBeanClassName).collect(Collectors.toList());
}
private ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider getScanner() {
return new ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(false, this.environment) {
protected boolean isCandidateComponent(AnnotatedBeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
boolean isCandidate = false;
if (beanDefinition.getMetadata().isIndependent() && !beanDefinition.getMetadata().isAnnotation()) {
isCandidate = true;
}
return isCandidate;
}
};
}
@Override
public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;
}
@Override
public void setEnvironment(Environment environment) {
this.environment = environment;
this.feignClientPackage = environment.getProperty("feign.client.package");
}
}
后记
后来公司项目做了升级,从springboot2.x升级到3.x,这里自定义的FeignClientProcessor的处理有些变化
主要是因为2.x版本扫描后,根据类名从容器里获取到的BeanDefinition是原始类型,如下图
而在3.x后,获取到的beanClass是FeignClientFactoryBean
这个BeanDefinition有个属性attributes,里面包含一个BeanMetadataAttribute,其中存储了实际的类型
然后它还有个属性propertyValues,存储了@FeignClient注解上的各个属性,如path等
所以我们通过这两个属性,稍加处理就可以完成跟以前一样的功能,修改原来的postProcessBeanFactory方法
@Override
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
List<String> feignClientList = scanFeignClient();
feignClientList.forEach(item -> {
GenericBeanDefinition beanDefinition = (GenericBeanDefinition) configurableListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(item);
String feignApiType = String.valueOf(beanDefinition.getAttribute("factoryBeanObjectType"));
try {
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(feignApiType);
Class<?> apiInterface = Arrays.stream(clazz.getInterfaces()).filter(i -> i.getName().startsWith("com.aic") && i.getName().endsWith("Api")).findAny().orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("基础路径未定义:" + clazz.getName()));
AicRequestMapping annotation = apiInterface.getAnnotation(AicRequestMapping.class);
String interfacePath = annotation.value();
beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().add("path", beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().get("name") + interfacePath);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("初始化FeignClient失败:", e);
}
});
}