mysql主从复制

备注:  mysql版本及库和数据 最好相同,本次测试为mysql5.7,两台阿里云服务器.

例:  主服务器:  47.95.4.224,   从服务器  59.110.235.241

实现MySQL主从复制需要进行的配置：

• 主服务器：
  • 开启二进制日志
  • 配置唯一的server-id
  • 获得master二进制日志文件名及位置
  • 创建一个用于slave和master通信的用户账号
• 从服务器：
  • 配置唯一的server-id
  • 使用master分配的用户账号读取master二进制日志
  • 启用slave服务

---------------------------

1.主数据库master修改,修改my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]里插入两行

[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启二进制日志
server-id=1 #设置server-id

2.重启mysql, 增加同步账号

打开mysql会话shell>mysql -hlocalhost -uname -ppassword

创建用户并授权：用户：myuser    密码：111111

mysql> CREATE USER 'myuser'@'59.110.235.241' IDENTIFIED BY '111111';#创建用户
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'myuser'@'59.110.235.241';#分配权限
mysql>flush privileges;   #刷新权限

3.查看master状态，记录二进制文件名(mysql-bin.000003)和位置(1737)：(这里设置只同步test02数据库)

# 不同步哪些数据库  
binlog-ignore-db = mysql  
binlog-ignore-db = test  
binlog-ignore-db = information_schema  
  
# 只同步哪些数据库，除此之外，其他不同步  
binlog-do-db = test02

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |     1737 | test02       |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4.从服务器slave修改my.cnf配置文件，添加server-id

[mysqld]
server-id=2 #设置server-id，必须唯一

5.重启mysql,打开mysql会话，执行同步SQL语句(需要主服务器主机名，登陆凭据，二进制文件的名称和位置)：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    ->     MASTER_HOST='47.95.4.224',
    ->     MASTER_USER='myuser',
    ->     MASTER_PASSWORD='111111',
    ->     MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
    ->     MASTER_LOG_POS=1737;

6.启动slave同步进程

mysql>start slave;

7.查看slave状态

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 47.95.4.224
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1737
               Relay_Log_File: iZ2ze7y6caxxnmijgdfns8Z-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 286
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1737
              Relay_Log_Space: 477
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: f7378ba7-897d-11e8-88cd-00163e06ca38
             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql-5.6.33/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

当Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都为YES的时候表示主从同步设置成功,如果一个yes一个no则可能是 

两台机器不互通  密码不对 masetr_user pos 等参数错误

接下来主库添加数据,看从库是否同步.

从库关闭slave

mysql>stop slave;

停止slave后，master的修改不会同步到slave