顺序表的顺序存储及操作

线性表：具有相同特性的数据元素组成的有限序列。顾名思义，线性表有以下特征：
1.线性表有且只有一个开始结点，且这个开始节点没有前驱结点；
2.线性表有且只有一个末尾结点，且这个末尾结点没有后继结点；
3.其他结点有一个前驱结点和一个后继结点；
代码如下：

1. seq_table.h

#ifndef  _SEQ_TABLE_H
#define _SEQ_TABLE_H
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define SEQ_ERR (-1)
#define SEQ_SUCCESS 0
/* 本次测试以char类型数据为例 */
#define DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR

#if defined DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR
typedef  char DataType;
#elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_INT
typedef int DataType;
#elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_FLOAT
typedef float DataType;
#endif
typedef struct seq_table_data{
    int capacity; /*顺序表的容量*/
    int length; /* 顺序表的实际长度 */
    DataType *data; /* 顺序表的数据 */
}*PSeqTable, SeqTable;

/*  初始化一个顺序表 */
PSeqTable InitSeqTable(int capacity);
/* 获取一个顺序表的容量 */
int GetSeqTableCapacity(PSeqTable seqTable);
/* 获取一个顺序表的当前长度 */
int GetSeqTableLength(PSeqTable seqTable);
/* 判断一个顺序表是否为空，若为空返回1，若不为空返回0 */
int SeqTableIsEmpty(PSeqTable seqTable);
/* 获取顺序表中的元素（参数为元素的位置） */
DataType GetSeqTableElement(PSeqTable seqTable, int index);
/* 向顺序表中插入一个元素（参数分别为顺序表、元素值和元素的位置） */
int InsertIntoSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable, DataType data, int index);
/* 从顺序表中删除一个元素（参数分别为元素值和元素的位置） */
int DeleteFromSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable, int index);
/* 遍历顺序表 */
void DisplaySeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable);
/* 将一个顺序表中的元素清空并置空 */
void ClearSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable);
#endif

2.seq_table.c

#include "seq_table.h"

PSeqTable InitSeqTable(int capacity)
{
    int option = 1;
    PSeqTable seqTable = (PSeqTable)malloc(sizeof(SeqTable));
    if(seqTable == NULL || capacity <= 0) {
        perror("create sequence table error or invalid input.");
        return (PSeqTable)SEQ_ERR;
    }

    seqTable->capacity = capacity;
    seqTable->length = 0;
    seqTable->data = (DataType *)malloc(capacity * sizeof(DataType));
    if(seqTable->data == NULL) {
        perror("create data of sequece table.");
        free(seqTable);
        return (PSeqTable)SEQ_ERR;
    }
    memset(seqTable->data, 0, sizeof(DataType) * capacity);
    int index = 0;
    while(index<capacity) {
        if(option == 1) {
            switch (index) {
                        case 0:
                            printf("Please input the %dst data\n", index + 1);
                            break;
                        case 1:
                            printf("Please input the %dnd data\n", index + 1);
                            break;
                        case 2:
                            printf("Please input the %drd data\n", index + 1);
                            break;
                        default:
                            printf("Please input the %dth data\n", index + 1);
                            break;
            }
        #if defined DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR
            seqTable->data[index] = getchar();
        #elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_INT
            scanf("%d", &seqTable->data[index]);
        #elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_FLOAT
            scanf("%f",&seqTable->data[index]);
        #endif
        #if defined DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR
            while(getchar() != '\n');
        #endif
            index++;
            seqTable->length++;
            printf("select 1/0 to continue or quit.");
            scanf("%d", &option);
        #if defined DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR
            while(getchar() != '\n');
        #endif
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }   
    return seqTable;
}

int GetSeqTableCapacity(PSeqTable seqTable)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return SEQ_ERR;
    }
    return seqTable->capacity;
}

int GetSeqTableLength(PSeqTable seqTable)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return SEQ_ERR;
    }
    return seqTable->length;
}

int SeqTableIsEmpty(PSeqTable seqTable)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return SEQ_ERR;
    }

    return (seqTable->length == 0);
}

DataType GetSeqTableElement(PSeqTable seqTable, int index)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return (DataType)SEQ_ERR;
    }
    if((index < 0) || (index > seqTable->length - 1)) {
        perror("invalid index number.");
        return (DataType)SEQ_ERR;
    }
    return seqTable->data[index];
}

int InsertIntoSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable, DataType data, int index)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return (DataType)SEQ_ERR;
    }
    if((index < 0) || (index > seqTable->capacity - 1)) {
        perror("invalid index number.");
        return (DataType)SEQ_ERR;
    }
    for(int i=seqTable->length-1; i>=index; i--) {
        seqTable->data[i+1] = seqTable->data[i];
    }
    seqTable->data[index] = data;
    seqTable->length++;
    return SEQ_SUCCESS;
}

int DeleteFromSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable, int index)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return SEQ_ERR;
    }
    if((index < 0) || (index > seqTable->length - 1)) {
        perror("invalid index number.");
        return SEQ_ERR;
    }
    for(int i=index; i<seqTable->length; i++) {
        seqTable->data[i] = seqTable->data[i+1];
    }
    seqTable->length--;

    return SEQ_SUCCESS;
}

void DisplaySeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return ;
    }

    for(int i=0; i<seqTable->length; i++) {

    #if defined DATA_TYPE_IS_CHAR
        printf("%c ", seqTable->data[i]);
    #elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_INT
        printf("%d  ", seqTable->data[i]);
    #elif defined DATA_TYPE_IS_FLOAT
        printf("%f  ", seqTable->data[i]);
    #endif

    }
    printf("\n");
    return ;
}
void ClearSeqTable(PSeqTable seqTable)
{
    if(seqTable == NULL) {
        perror("sequence table is null.");
        return ;
    }
    free(seqTable->data);
    free(seqTable);
    printf("clear sequece table completed.\n");
}

3.main.c

#include "seq_table.c"

int main(void)
{
    PSeqTable mySeqTable = InitSeqTable(10);
    DisplaySeqTable(mySeqTable);
    InsertIntoSeqTable(mySeqTable, 'D', 2);
    printf("After insert.\n");
    DisplaySeqTable(mySeqTable);
    DeleteFromSeqTable(mySeqTable, 1);
    printf("After delete.\n");
    DisplaySeqTable(mySeqTable);
    printf("len of seqTable is:%d, capacity is :%d\n", GetSeqTableLength(mySeqTable), GetSeqTableCapacity(mySeqTable));
    printf("Is seqTable empty?[%s]\n", SeqTableIsEmpty(mySeqTable)?"yes":"no");
    ClearSeqTable(mySeqTable);
    return 0;
}