spring boot中使用servlet、listener与filter

转载自MarsWang的博客(https://www.cnblogs.com/wangbin2188/p/9199452.html)

spring boot中支持使用java Web三大组件（servlet、listener和filter），但是坑比较多，主要是spring boot内嵌tomcat和独立tomcat服务器有一些细节上的不同，踩完之后，特有此记。

一、spring boot内嵌服务器（注解方式）

1.listener实现(@WebListener)

@WebListener
public class MyHttpSessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {
    @Autowired
    private AppMetaService appMetaService;

    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
        Map<String, String> keyMap = appMetaService.getKeyMap();
        ServletContext servletContext = httpSessionEvent.getSession().getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("keyMap",keyMap);
    }

    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
    }
}

2.filter实现(@WebFilter)

@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*")
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
    /**
     * 在servlet过滤器中触发getSession方法，一次编写，多处使用
     */
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        request.getSession(true);
        filterChain.doFilter(request, servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

3.servlet实现(@WebsServlet)

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/my1")
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
 
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
 
        System.out.println("这是自己写的servlet   get");
        req.getSession().setAttribute("mydemo","张三");
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
 
            System.out.println("这是自己写的servlet");
        req.getSession().setAttribute("mydemo","张三");
    }
 
 
}

4.内嵌服务器支持(@ServletComponentScan)
Servlet、Filter、Listener可以直接通过@WebServlet、@WebFilter、@WebListener注解自动注册，无需其他代码。唯一需要的就是在项目的入口类中加一个注解@ServletComponentScan，顾名思义，它会扫描所有的
@WebServlet、@WebFilter、@WebListener完成对象的注入。

@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class DataboardApplication {
   

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DataboardApplication.class, args);
    }
}

到此为止，简洁明了，不废话，本地测试成功，直接上tomcat服务器。

二、独立tomcat服务器

最大的坑来了，在本地跑的很正常的程序，在服务器上跑不动，最奇怪的是有些接口能用，有些不能用，经过多方观察，发现用到servlet、listener和filter的都挂了。

搜了很多资料之后，还是在spring boot 2.01的文档中找到这么一句话：

Tip

@ServletComponentScan has no effect in a standalone container, where the container’s builtin
discovery mechanisms are used instead.

翻译一下就是@ServletComponentScan这个注解在独立tomcat服务器不可用。

只好退求其次，采用@Bean注入的方式

1.对应的监听器代码

@Component
public class MyHttpSessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {
    @Autowired
    private AppMetaService appMetaService;

    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
        Map<String, String> keyMap = appMetaService.getKeyMap();
        ServletContext servletContext = httpSessionEvent.getSession().getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("keyMap",keyMap);
    }

    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent httpSessionEvent) {
    }
}

2.对应过滤器代码

@Component
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }
    /**
     * 在servlet过滤器中触发getSession方法，一次编写，多处使用
     */
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        request.getSession(true);
        filterChain.doFilter(request, servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

3.启动类代码

@SpringBootApplication
public class DataboardApplication {
    @Bean
    public ServletListenerRegistrationBean sessionHandler() {
        return new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyHttpSessionListener());
    }
    
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter() {
        FilterRegistrationBean myFilter = new FilterRegistrationBean(new MyFilter());
        myFilter.addUrlPatterns("/*");
        return myFilter;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DataboardApplication.class, args);
    }
}

直接在启动类中将对应web组件的bean注入或者使用@Component注解自动扫描都可以。避免了@ServletComponentScan在独立的web容器中没有生效的问题。