使用Arrays.asList异常java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: null at java.util.AbstractList.add

现象

public class ArrayListTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        List<Integer> a = Arrays.asList(1, 2);
        a.add(3);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}

会产生报错：

Exception in thread “main” java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:148)
at java.util.AbstractList.add(AbstractList.java:108)
at com.tutor.xiechao.javastudy.learnIOAndColletion.ArrayListTest.main(ArrayListTest.java:20)

分析

看一下源码：

    /**
     * Returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array.  (Changes to
     * the returned list "write through" to the array.)  This method acts
     * as bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs, in
     * combination with {@link Collection#toArray}.  The returned list is
     * serializable and implements {@link RandomAccess}.
     *
     * <p>This method also provides a convenient way to create a fixed-size
     * list initialized to contain several elements:
     * <pre>
     *     List&lt;String&gt; stooges = Arrays.asList("Larry", "Moe", "Curly");
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param <T> the class of the objects in the array
     * @param a the array by which the list will be backed
     * @return a list view of the specified array
     */
    @SafeVarargs
    @SuppressWarnings("varargs")
    public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {
        return new ArrayList<>(a);
    }

Returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array.

Arrays.asList 产生的是一个固定大小的数组。
一旦想要更改，就会报错UnsupportedOperationException

解决办法

使用new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2));

public class ArrayListTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        List<Integer> a = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2));
        a.add(3);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}

第一步探索

实际上，Collections.emptyList 和 Collections.singletonList (都返回不能修改大小的数组），这种方式其实可以用在固定大小的参数中，一旦不小心被传递出去，并且对其调用了add、addAll等方法，就可能会爆出这种UnsupportedOperationException。

但是其实可以利用这种方式，比如导数据的过程中，可能需要几种特定的数组（Arrays.asList(“success”,“failed”,“no_content”)），这个可以作为参数传递，保证不会在其他地方被修改。当然final也可以实现～