基础框架 Spring Bean的生命周期

基础框架 Spring Bean的生命周期

一、生命周期流程图：

Spring Bean的完整生命周期从创建Spring容器开始，直到最终Spring容器销毁Bean，这其中包含了一系列关键点。

二、各种接口方法分类

Bean的完整生命周期经历了各种方法调用，这些方法可以划分为以下几类：

1、Bean自身的方法：这个包括了Bean本身调用的方法和通过配置文件中的init-method和destroy-method指定的方法

2、Bean级生命周期接口方法：这个包括了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这些接口的方法

3、容器级生命周期接口方法：这个包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 这两个接口实现，一般称它们的实现类为“后处理器”。

4、工厂后处理器接口方法：这个包括了AspectJWeavingEnabler, ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, CustomAutowireConfigurer等等非常有用的工厂后处理器　　接口的方法。工厂后处理器也是容器级的。在应用上下文装配配置文件之后立即调用。

三、验证

package com.spring5.beanlife;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.*;

/**
 * 用户类
 * 验证bean生命周期
 *
 * 1、首先是一个简单的Spring Bean，调用Bean自身的方法和Bean级生命周期接口方法，为了方便演示，
 * 它实现了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean这4个接口，同时有2个方法，
 * 对应配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method。如下：
 *
 * @author zrj
 * @date 2020/12/19
 * @since V1.0
 **/
public class User implements BeanFactoryAware, BeanNameAware,
        InitializingBean, DisposableBean {

    private String name;
    private String address;
    private String phone;

    private BeanFactory beanFactory;
    private String beanName;

    public User() {
        System.out.println( "---------【构造器】调用User的构造器实例化---------" );
    }

    public User(String name, String address, String phone) {
        System.out.println( "【构造器-有参】调用User的构造器实例化" );
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        System.out.println( "【注入属性】注入属性name" );
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        System.out.println( "【注入属性】注入属性address" );
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        System.out.println( "【注入属性】注入属性phone" );
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    /**
     * 实现BeanFactoryAware接口
     */
    @Override
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【BeanFactoryAware接口】调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()" );
        this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
    }

    /**
     * 实现BBeanNameAware接口
     */
    @Override
    public void setBeanName(String s) {
        System.out.println( "【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()" );
        this.beanName = s;
    }

    /**
     * 实现InitializingBean接口
     */
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println( "【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()" );
    }

    /**
     * 实现DisposableBean接口
     */
    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println( "【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()" );
    }

    /**
     * 通过<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
     */
    public void myInit() {
        System.out.println( "【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法" );
    }

    /**
     * 通过<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法
     */
    public void myDestory() {
        System.out.println( "【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法" );
    }

}

package com.spring5.beanlife;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

/**
 * 2、接下来是演示BeanPostProcessor接口的方法，如下：
 *
 * @author zrj
 * @date 2020/12/19
 * @since V1.0
 **/
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    public MyBeanPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out.println( "【构造器】这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器" );
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【BeanPostProcessor】接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改！！！" );
        return arg0;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【BeanPostProcessor】接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改！" );
        return arg0;
    }
}

package com.spring5.beanlife;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;

/**
 * 3、InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口本质是BeanPostProcessor的子接口，
 * 一般我们继承Spring为其提供的适配器类InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor Adapter来使用它，如下：
 * <p>
 * 这个有3个方法，其中第二个方法postProcessAfterInitialization就是重写了BeanPostProcessor的方法。
 * 第三个方法postProcessPropertyValues用来操作属性，返回值也应该是PropertyValues对象。
 *
 * @author zrj
 * @date 2020/12/19
 * @since V1.0
 **/
public class MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter {

    /**
     * 构造方法
     */
    public MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out.println( "【构造器】这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器！！！" );
    }

    /**
     * 接口方法、实例化Bean之前调用
     */
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class beanClass, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法" );
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 接口方法、实例化Bean之后调用
     */
    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法" );
        return bean;
    }

    /**
     * 接口方法、设置某个属性时调用
     */
    @Override
    public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessPropertyValues方法" );
        return pvs;
    }
}

package com.spring5.beanlife;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;

/**
 * 4、演示工厂后处理器接口方法，如下
 *
 * @author zrj
 * @date 2020/12/19
 * @since V1.0
 **/
public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {

    public MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out.println( "【构造器】这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器！！！" );
    }

    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println( "【BeanFactoryPostProcessor】调用postProcessBeanFactory方法" );
        BeanDefinition bd = arg0.getBeanDefinition( "user" );
        bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue( "name", "菜鸟" );
    }

}

package com.spring5.beanlife;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * bean生命周期测试类
 *
 * @author zrj
 * @date 2020/12/19
 * @since V1.0
 **/
public class BeanLifeCycle {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println( "----------初始化容器开始----------" );
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "bean1.xml" );
        System.out.println( "----------初始化容器结束----------" );

        // 获取User对象
        User user = context.getBean( "user", User.class );
        System.out.println( "【user对象】：" + user );

        System.out.println( "----------现在开始关闭容器----------" );
        ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) context).registerShutdownHook();

    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="beanPostProcessor" class="com.spring5.beanlife.MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean>

    <bean id="instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor"
          class="com.spring5.beanlife.MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor"></bean>

    <bean id="beanFactoryPostProcessor" class="com.spring5.beanlife.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor"></bean>

    <bean id="user" class="com.spring5.beanlife.User" init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestory" scope="singleton">
        <property name="name" value="jerry"></property>
        <property name="address" value="悉尼"></property>
        <property name="phone" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

执行结果

----------初始化容器开始----------
【构造器】这是BeanFactoryPostProcessor实现类构造器！！！
【BeanFactoryPostProcessor】调用postProcessBeanFactory方法
【构造器】这是BeanPostProcessor实现类构造器
【构造器】这是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter实现类构造器！！！
【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法
---------【构造器】调用User的构造器实例化---------
【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessPropertyValues方法
【注入属性】注入属性name
【注入属性】注入属性address
【注入属性】注入属性phone
【BeanNameAware接口】调用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()
【BeanFactoryAware接口】调用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()
【BeanPostProcessor】接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization对属性进行更改！
【InitializingBean接口】调用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()
【init-method】调用<bean>的init-method属性指定的初始化方法
【BeanPostProcessor】接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization对属性进行更改！！！
【InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor】调用postProcessAfterInitialization方法
----------初始化容器结束----------
【user对象】：User{name='菜鸟', address='悉尼', phone='123456'}
----------现在开始关闭容器----------
【DiposibleBean接口】调用DiposibleBean.destory()
【destroy-method】调用<bean>的destroy-method属性指定的初始化方法

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