android 选取本地和SD卡文件并且返回文件路径

  以下是在android9测试过，可以的，大家用的时候再适当调整一下，这里主要是记录一下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/about_page"
android:paddingLeft="10dp"
android:paddingRight="10dp"
android:orientation="vertical">


<Button
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="进入"
    android:onClick="entryActivity"
    android:textSize="25dp"></Button>
<TextView
    android:id="@+id/testText"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:textSize="18sp"
    android:text=" 路径：">
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>

package com.mw.uitest;


import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Context context;
    private TextView testText;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        context = getApplicationContext();
        testText=  findViewById(R.id.testText);
    }

    public void entryActivity(View view){
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        intent.setType("*/*");
        this.startActivityForResult(intent, 102);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(final int requestCode, final int resultCode, @Nullable final Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (data == null) {
            // 用户未选择任何文件，直接返回
            return;
        }

        String path =  FileUtils.getChooseFileResultPath(data.getData(),getApplicationContext());
        testText.setText("路径："+path);
    }


}

package com.mw.uitest;

import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore;


public class FileUtils {

	

    /**
     * 对外接口  获取uri对应的路径
     *
     * @param uri
     * @return
     */
    public static String getChooseFileResultPath(Uri uri,Context context) {
        String chooseFilePath = null;
        if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {//使用第三方应用打开
            chooseFilePath = uri.getPath();
            return chooseFilePath;
        }
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {//4.4以后
            chooseFilePath = getPath(context, uri);
        } else {//4.4以下下系统调用方法
            chooseFilePath = getRealPathFromURI(uri,context);
        }
        return chooseFilePath;
    }

    private static String getRealPathFromURI(Uri contentUri,Context context) {
        String res = null;
        String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
        Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri, proj, null, null, null);
        if (null != cursor && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
            res = cursor.getString(column_index);
            cursor.close();
        }
        return res;
    }
    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

    /**
     * 专为Android4.4设计的从Uri获取文件绝对路径，以前的方法已不好使
     */
    private static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

        final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;

        // DocumentProvider
        if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
            // ExternalStorageProvider
            if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];
                return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
            }
            // DownloadsProvider
            else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);

            }
            // MediaProvider
            else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                final String type = split[0];

                Uri contentUri = null;
                if ("image".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;

                } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;

                } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                    contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;

                }

                final String selection = "_id=?";
                final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};

                return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);

            }

        }
        // MediaStore (and general)
        else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);

        }
        // File
        else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
            uri.getPath();

        }
        return null;
    }


    private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        final String column = "_data";
        final String[] projection = {column};
        try {
            cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                    null);
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                return cursor.getString(column_index);
            }
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @param uri The Uri to check.
     * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
     */
    private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
        return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
    }

}