c++基础知识之访问控制

一：

01.cpp

#include <stdio.h>

class Person{
private:
	char *name;
	int age;
	char *work;

public:
	void setName(char *name) //就近原则，如果不写this->name,那么name指的就是本函数中的name
	{
		this->name = name; //this->name 当前对象的name
	}
	int setAge(int age)
	{
		if (age < 0 || age > 150)
		{
			this->age = 0;
			return -1;
		}
		this->age = age;
		return 0;
	}
	void printInfo(void)
	{
		printf("name = %s, age = %d, work = %s\n", name, age, work);
	}
};

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Person per;

	per.setName("zhangsan");
	per.setAge(200);
	per.printInfo();

	per.setName("lisi");
	per.setAge(100);
	per.printInfo();
	
	return 0;
}

二：

对程序结构进行优化1：

02.cpp

#include <stdio.h>

class Person{
private:
	char *name;
	int age;
	char *work;

public:
	void setName(char *name);
	int setAge(int age);
	void printInfo(void);
};

void Person::setName(char *name)
{
	this->name = name;
}

int Person::setAge(int age)
{
	if (age < 0 || age > 150)
	{
		this->age = 0;
		return -1;
	}
	this->age = age;
	return 0;
}

void Person::printInfo(void)
{
	printf("name = %s, age = %d, work = %s\n", name, age, work);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Person per;

	per.setName("zhangsan");
	per.setAge(200);
	per.printInfo();

	per.setName("lisi");
	per.setAge(100);
	per.printInfo();
	
	return 0;
}

三：

对程序进行优化2：

person.h只需要告诉main.cpp有哪些函数

//perosn.h

#include <stdio.h>

class Person{
private:
	char *name;
	int age;
	char *work;

public:
	void setName(char *name);
	int setAge(int age);
	void printInfo(void);
};

 

person.cpp只需要实现这些函数

//person.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include "person.h"

void Person::setName(char *name)
{
	this->name = name;
}

int Person::setAge(int age)
{
	if (age < 0 || age > 150)
	{
		this->age = 0;
		return -1;
	}
	this->age = age;
	return 0;
}

void Person::printInfo(void)
{
	printf("name = %s, age = %d, work = %s\n", name, age, work);
}

main.cpp

//main.cpp

#include <stdio.h>
#include "person.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	Person per;

	per.setName("zhangsan");
	per.setAge(200);
	per.printInfo();

	per.setName("lisi");
	per.setAge(100);
	per.printInfo();
	
	return 0;
}

再加上一个Makefile文件

person: main.o person.o
	g++ -o $@ $^

%.o : %.cpp
	g++ -c -o $@ $<

clean:
	rm -f *.o person