深入学习Mybatis的Mapper映射器

 前面已经介绍过Mybatis的全局配置文件mybatis-config.xml文件，本篇文章将继续介绍Mybatis的另外的一种更重要的Mapper映射器配置文件。

 在Mybatis中，Mapper映射器主要用于编写定制sql方法，而这一xml文件的命名空间通常会对应一个接口，接口全名与映射文件的命名空间一致，抽象方法名与xml定制方法名一致，这就使得Mybatis更加面向对象了。话不多说，我们通过实例来深入理解这样配置的好处。

1、新建一个JavaProject，新建lib文件夹，导入mybatis的jar包mybatis-3.4.1.jar，mysql数据库连接驱动包mysql-connector-java-5.1.29.jar，日志包log4j-1.2.17.jar

2、创建数据库表tbl_user

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tbl_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tbl_user`;
CREATE TABLE `tbl_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(25) DEFAULT NULL,
  `sex` char(2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=14 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of tbl_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `tbl_user` VALUES ('11', '张三', '男', '23');
INSERT INTO `tbl_user` VALUES ('12', '李四', '女', '34');
INSERT INTO `tbl_user` VALUES ('13', '张五', '男', '43');

3、创建与数据表对应的pojo类

User.java

package com.gec.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private String sex;
	private Integer age;
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
}

4、编写mybatis-config.xml主配置文件

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "mybatis-3-config.dtd" >
<configuration>
	<settings>
		<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
	</settings>
	<typeAliases>
		<typeAlias type="com.gec.domain.User" alias="user"/>
	</typeAliases>
	<environments default="mysql">
		<environment id="mysql">
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
				<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/>
        		<property name="username" value="root"/>
        		<property name="password" value="123"/>
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>
	
	<mappers>
		<mapper resource="com/gec/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
	</mappers>
</configuration>

5、编写Mapper映射文件，其中mapper的命名空间对应一个接口的全限定名

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.gec.mapper.UserMapper">
	
	<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="user"
		useGeneratedKeys="true" keyColumn="id" keyProperty="id">
		insert into tbl_user(name,sex,age) values(#{name},#{sex},#{age});
	</insert>
	
	<update id="updateUser" parameterType="user">
		update tbl_user set name=#{name},sex=#{sex},age=#{age} 
		where id=#{id};
	</update>
	
	<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
		delete from tbl_user where id=#{id};
	</delete>
	
	<select id="queryUser" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
		select * from tbl_user where name=#{name} or age=#{age};
	</select>
	
	<select id="queryUser2" resultType="user">
		select * from tbl_user where name=#{name} or age=#{age};
	</select>
	
	<select id="queryUser3" resultType="user" >
		select * from tbl_user where name=#{name} or age=#{age};
	</select>
	
</mapper>

6、创建全限定名为com.gec.mapper.UserMapper的接口类，其中的抽象方法名对应 UserMapper.xml中定制sql方法的id,返回类型对应resultType

UserMapper.java

package com.gec.mapper;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import com.gec.domain.PageModel;
import com.gec.domain.User;

public interface UserMapper {

	public int insertUser(User user);
	
	public int updateUser(User user);
	
	public int deleteUser(User user);
	
	public List<User> queryUser(User user);
	
	public List<User> queryUser2(Map<String,Object> map);
	
	public List<User> queryUser3(
			@Param("name") String userName, 
			@Param("age") Integer userAge);
	
}

7、创建测试用例

MainTest.java

package com.gec.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import com.gec.domain.User;
import com.gec.mapper.UserMapper;

public class MainTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
		SqlSessionFactory sf = new  SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
		
//		insertUser(sf);
//		queryUser(sf);
//		queryUser2(sf);
		queryUser3(sf);
	}

	public static void insertUser(SqlSessionFactory sf) {
		SqlSession session = sf.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		
		User user = new User();
		user.setName("张三");
		user.setSex("男");
		user.setAge(23);
		userMapper.insertUser(user);
		
		session.commit();
		session.close();
	}
	
	public static void queryUser(SqlSessionFactory sf) {
		SqlSession session = sf.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		User user = new User();
		user.setName("张三");
		user.setAge(34);
		List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUser(user);
		for (User resultUser : userList) {
			System.out.println(resultUser);
		}
		session.close();
	}
	
	public static void queryUser2(SqlSessionFactory sf) {
		SqlSession session = sf.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		
		Map<String,Object> userMap = new HashMap<>();
		userMap.put("name", "张三");
		userMap.put("age", 34);
		
		List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUser2(userMap);
		for (User resultUser : userList) {
			System.out.println(resultUser);
		}
		session.close();
	}
	
	public static void queryUser3(SqlSessionFactory sf) {
		SqlSession session = sf.openSession();
		UserMapper userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
		List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUser3("张三", 34);
		for (User user : userList) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}
		session.close();
	}
	
}

8、通过上述案例，我们可以将mapper的xml文件与java的接口连接在一起，当我们需要进行数据库操作时，只需要调用接口的方法即可，这就使得Mybatis更加面向对象编程。