centos7 安装 MariaDB

第一步：安装与测试登陆

1.安装
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

2.启动
systemctl start mariadb

3.进行MariaDB的相关简单配置,首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码:
输入: mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):  【初次运行直接回车】

4.设置密码
Set root password? [Y/n] 【是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车】
New password: 【设置root用户的密码】
Re-enter new password: 【再输入一次你设置的密码】

5.其他配置
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 【是否删除匿名用户，回车】
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 【是否禁止root远程登录,N】
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 【是否删除test数据库，回车】
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 【是否重新加载权限表，回车】
初始化MariaDB完成

6.测试登录
mysql -uroot -p密码（注意-p和密码之间没有空格）

7.root 远程登录
grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
flush privileges;

8.开机自启动
systemctl enable mariadb

第二步：配置MariaDB的字符集utf8mb4

1.修改/etc/my.cnf文件

在[mysqld]标签下添加

character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
skip-character-set-client-handshake=true

2.修改/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf文件

在[client]中添加
default-character-set=utf8mb4

3.修改/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf文件
命令：vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
在[mysql]中添加
default-character-set=utf8mb4

4.全部配置完成，重启MariaDB
命令：systemctl restart mariadb

进入MariaDB查看字符集

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%character%';
show variables like '%collation%' ;

显示：

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%collation%' ;
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value              |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8mb4_general_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]>