RabbitMQ的几种模型和spring整合

just路人周

已于 2022-05-02 09:16:29 修改

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文章标签： rabbitmq spring

于 2021-01-26 08:50:18 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37894494/article/details/113172348

版权

如何从零搭建RabbitMQ,详见此处
依赖：

<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
			<version>3.3.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

连接工具类：

public class ConnectionUtil {
    /**
     * 建立与RabbitMQ的连接
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
        //定义连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //设置服务地址
        factory.setHost("192.168.233.128");
        //端口
        factory.setPort(5672);
        //设置账号信息，用户名、密码、vhost
        factory.setVirtualHost("/");
        factory.setUsername("admin");
        factory.setPassword("111111");
        // 通过工程获取连接
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        return connection;
    }

}

1.work模型

最简单的模型我这就不列举了，work解决的是队列和消费者之间的堆挤，和下面的几种模型不冲突
在这里插入图片描述

demo代码：
生产者

// 生产者
public class Send {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 循环发布任务
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            // 消息内容
            String message = "task .. " + i;
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");

            Thread.sleep(i * 2);
        }
        // 关闭通道和连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者1

// 消费者1
public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 设置每个消费者同时只能处理一条消息,能者多劳
        channel.basicQos(1);
        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
                try {
                    // 模拟完成任务的耗时：1000ms
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                }
                // 手动ACK
                channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
            }
        };
        // 监听队列。
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2

//消费者2
public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        // 设置每个消费者同时只能处理一条消息(能者多劳模式)
        channel.basicQos(1);
        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
                // 手动ACK
                channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
            }
        };
        // 监听队列。
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
    }
}

2.fanout模型

在这里插入图片描述
一个消费者将消息首先发送到交换器，交换器绑定到多个队列，然后被监听该队列的消费者所接收并消费。
生产者

public class Send {

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        
        // 声明exchange，指定类型为fanout
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, BuiltinExchangeType.FANOUT,true);
        
        // 消息内容
        String message = "Hello everyone";
        // 发布消息到Exchange
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [生产者] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者1

//消费者1
public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_queue_1";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，自动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2

// 消费者2
public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_queue_2";

    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "fanout_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 绑定队列到交换机
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
        
        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，手动返回完成
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

3.direct模型

在这里插入图片描述
生成者生产消息的时候带了一个routingKey,队列绑定到交换机的时候也要设置一个routingKey,如果这2个routingKey一致就可以把消息推入队列
生产者

public class Send {
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明exchange，指定类型为direct
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct",true);
        // 消息内容
        String message = "商品新增了， id = 1001";
        // 发送消息，并且指定routing key 为：insert ,代表新增商品
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "insert", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [商品服务：] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者1

public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_queue_1";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机，同时指定需要订阅的routing key。假设此处需要update和delete消息
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2

public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_queue_2";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "direct_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机，同时指定需要订阅的routing key。订阅 insert、update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "insert");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "update");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

生产者的routingKey是insert，消费者1没有这个routingKey,无法接收，消费者2可以

4. topic模型

在这里插入图片描述
topic模型其实就是direct模型的升级版，direct模型的routingKey是要完全一致的，topic模型可以用类似正则的方式匹配，item.*可以代表item.delete,item.insert,但不能代表item.group.insert;item.#则可以代表item.insert或者item.group.insert
生产者

public class Send {
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明exchange，指定类型为topic
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic",true);
        // 消息内容
        String message = "新增商品 : id = 1001";
        // 发送消息，并且指定routing key 为：insert ,代表新增商品 MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN持久化
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.insert", MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println(" [商品服务：] Sent '" + message + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者1

public class Recv {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_exchange_queue_1";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange_test";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机，同时指定需要订阅的routing key。需要 update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.update");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.delete");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者1] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者2

public class Recv2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_exchange_queue_22";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_exchange";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取到连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
        // 获取通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        // 声明队列(durable：消息持久化)
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
        
        // 绑定队列到交换机，同时指定需要订阅的routing key。订阅 insert、update、delete
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "item.*");

        // 定义队列的消费者
        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            // 获取消息，并且处理，这个方法类似事件监听，如果有消息的时候，会被自动调用
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties,
                    byte[] body) throws IOException {
                // body 即消息体
                String msg = new String(body);
                System.out.println(" [消费者2] received : " + msg + "!");
            }
        };
        // 监听队列，自动ACK
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
    }
}

5.spring整合RabbitMQ

配置文件

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.233.128
    username: admin
    password: 111111
    virtual-host: /

生产者:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
public class MqDemo {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;

    @Test
    public void testSend() throws InterruptedException {
        String msg = "100,商品更新成功";
        this.amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("tntab_ex","item.update", msg);
        // 等待10秒后再结束
        Thread.sleep(10000);
    }
}

消费者

@Component
public class Listener {
    //  创建交换机队列然后绑定
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = "tntab_queue", durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(
                    value = "tntab_ex",
                    ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true",
                    type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC
            ),
            key = {"#.#"}))
//    @RabbitListener(queues = "topic_exchange_queue_2")
    public void listen(String msg){
        System.out.println("接收到消息：" + msg);
    }
}

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RabbitMQ的几种模型和spring整合

如何从零搭建RabbitMQ,详见此处依赖：<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version> </parent> <properties> <jav
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