JDK8中时间日期类的使用

JDK8以后新提供了几类时间相关的操作类，极大的方便和简化了对时间日期相关的操作：

1.LocalDate 表示日期（年月日）

2.LocalTime 表示时间（时分秒）

3.LocalDateTime 表示日期+时间 （年月日时分秒）

1.获取当前时间对象

public class dateTest01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 获取当前年月日时间
        LocalDate nowdate = LocalDate.now();
        // 获取当前时间时分秒
        LocalTime nowTime = LocalTime.now();
        //获取当前时间年月日时分秒
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.of(2022, 6, 26, 21, 45, 50);
        System.out.println(nowdate);
        System.out.println(nowTime);
        System.out.println(now);
        System.out.println(of);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

2022-06-26
13:47:51.528
2022-06-26T13:47:51.528
2022-06-26T21:45:50

2.获取时间中的具体值（年月日星期几等）

public class DateTime02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now();
        //获取年份
        int year = now.getYear();
        //获取月份
        int monthValue = now.getMonthValue();
        //获取几号
        int dayOfMonth = now.getDayOfMonth();
        //获取一年中第几天
        int dayOfYear = now.getDayOfYear();
        //获取星期几
        DayOfWeek dayOfWeek = now.getDayOfWeek();
        //时
        int hour = now.getHour();
        //分
        int minute = now.getMinute();
        //秒
        int second = now.getSecond();
        System.out.println("具体时间：" + now);
        System.out.println("获取年份：" + year);
        System.out.println("获取月份:" + monthValue);
        System.out.println("获取几号:" + dayOfMonth);
        System.out.println("获取一年中第几天:" + dayOfYear);
        System.out.println("获取星期几:" + dayOfWeek);
        System.out.println("时:" + hour);
        System.out.println("分:" + minute);
        System.out.println("秒:" + second);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

具体时间：2022-06-26T13:53:54.890
获取年份：2022
获取月份:6
获取几号:26
获取一年中第几天:177
获取星期几:SUNDAY
时:13
分:53
秒:54

3.日期格式之间的转换

public class Datetime03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.now();
        //转换为日月年
        LocalDate localDate = of.toLocalDate();
        //转换为时分秒
        LocalTime localTime = of.toLocalTime();
        System.out.println("当前具体时间:" + of);
        System.out.println("当前时间年月日:" + localDate);
        System.out.println("当前时间时分秒:" + localTime);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

当前具体时间:2022-06-26T13:57:18.812
当前时间年月日:2022-06-26
当前时间时分秒:13:57:18.812

4.日期与字符串之间的转换

public class DateTime04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.now();
        //定义字符串格式
        DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss");
        //格式化时间为字符串
        String format = of.format(dateTimeFormatter);
        //定义时间戳格式
        DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss");
        //格式化字符串为时间戳
        LocalDateTime parse = LocalDateTime.parse(format, formatter);

        System.out.println("当前时间格式化为字符串:" + format);
        System.out.println("当前时间的字符串格式化为Localdatetime格式:" + parse);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

当前时间格式化为字符串:2022-06-26 14-05-48
当前时间的字符串格式化为Localdatetime格式:2022-06-26T14:05:48

5.时间增减，plus和minus系列方法

public class DateTime05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.now();
        //时间年份+1  或者-1
        LocalDateTime localDateTime = of.plusYears(1);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = of.plusYears(-1);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime2 = of.plusDays(1);
        //时间年份-1  或者+1
        LocalDateTime localDateTime3 = of.minusYears(1);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime4 = of.minusYears(-1);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime5 = of.minusDays(1);
        
        System.out.println(localDateTime);
        System.out.println(localDateTime1);
        System.out.println(localDateTime2);
        System.out.println(localDateTime3);
        System.out.println(localDateTime4);
        System.out.println(localDateTime5);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

2023-06-26T14:12:07.466
2021-06-26T14:12:07.466
2022-06-27T14:12:07.466
2021-06-26T14:12:07.466
2023-06-26T14:12:07.466
2022-06-25T14:12:07.466

6.直接修改年月日时分秒，with系列方法

public class DateTime06 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDateTime of = LocalDateTime.now();
        //直接分别修改年月日
        LocalDateTime localDateTime = of.withYear(2022);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = of.withMonth(5);
        LocalDateTime localDateTime2 = of.withDayOfMonth(20);

        System.out.println(localDateTime);
        System.out.println(localDateTime1);
        System.out.println(localDateTime2);
    }
}

运行结果如下：

2022-06-26T14:16:09.522
2022-05-26T14:16:09.522
2022-06-20T14:16:09.522

7.计算两时刻直接的差值

public class DateTime07 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取具体时间
        LocalDate of1 = LocalDate.of(2022, 4, 4);
        LocalDate of2 = LocalDate.of(2025, 12, 12);
        //计算两个时间的间隔(*LocalDate类型参数)
        Period between = Period.between(of1, of2);
        //获取时间段的年数
        int years = between.getYears();
        //获取时间段的月数
        int months = between.getMonths();
        //获取时间段的天数
        int days = between.getDays();
        //获取时间段内总共的月数
        long l = between.toTotalMonths();

        System.out.println(years);
        System.out.println(months);
        System.out.println(days);
        System.out.println(l);//44
    }
}

运行结果如下：

3
8
8
44