Java实现一个底层IOC，并实现设值注入

步骤：

1.构建XML标签对象 ; 

2.编写XML文件 ; 

3.解析XML文件，构建上下文单例对象；

4.从上下文中取出对象。

项目目录：

XML标签结构：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans>
	
	<bean id="id_1" class="com.backage.one">
		<property name ="XX" value="XX"></property>	
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="id_2" class="com.backage.two">
		<property name ="XX" ref="id_1"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

构建XML对象，Beans.java , Bean.java , Property.java

package com.zjj.beans;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name = "beans")
public class Beans {
	
	private List<Bean> beans = new ArrayList<>();

	@XmlElement(name = "bean")
	public List<Bean> getBeans() {
		return beans;
	}

	public void setBeans(List<Bean> beans) {
		this.beans = beans;
	}
}

package com.zjj.beans;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name = "bean")
public class Bean {
	
	private String id;
	private String clazz;
	private List<Property> properties = new ArrayList<>();
	
	@XmlAttribute(name = "id")
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	@XmlAttribute(name = "class")
	public String getClazz() {
		return clazz;
	}
	public void setClazz(String clazz) {
		this.clazz = clazz;
	}
	
	@XmlElement(name = "property")
	public List<Property> getProperties() {
		return properties;
	}
	public void setProperties(List<Property> properties) {
		this.properties = properties;
	}
	
}

package com.zjj.beans;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement(name="property")
public class Property {
	
	private String name;
	private String ref;
	private String value;
	
	@XmlAttribute(name="name")
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	@XmlAttribute(name="ref")
	public String getRef() {
		return ref;
	}
	
	public void setRef(String ref) {
		this.ref = ref;
	}

	@XmlAttribute(name="value")
	public String getValue() {
		return value;
	}

	public void setValue(String value) {
		this.value = value;
	}

}

业务类接口UserDao ,  业务实现类UserDaoImpl，简单对象类Student

package com.zjj.dao;

public interface UserDao {
	
	public void print();

}

package com.zjj.impl;

import com.zjj.dao.UserDao;
import com.zjj.pojo.Student;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

	private Student student;
	private Integer id;

	public Student getStudent() {
		return student;
	}

	public void setStudent(Student student) {
		this.student = student;
	}


	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Override
	public void print() {
		System.out.println("序号:"+id+",学号:"+student.getNumber()+","+
					"姓名:"+student.getUsername());

	}

}

package com.zjj.pojo;

public class Student {
	
	private String username;
	private Integer number;
	private int id;
	private char sex;
	private boolean leader;
	private double grade;
	
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public Integer getNumber() {
		return number;
	}
	public void setNumber(Integer number) {
		this.number = number;
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public char getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(char sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public double getGrade() {
		return grade;
	}
	public void setGrade(double grade) {
		this.grade = grade;
	}
	public boolean isLeader() {
		return leader;
	}
	public void setLeader(boolean leader) {
		this.leader = leader;
	}
	
	

}

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans>
	
	<bean id="student" class="com.zjj.pojo.Student">
		<property name ="username" value="zjj"></property>
		<property name ="number" value= "1234" ></property>
		<property name ="id" value= "11" ></property>
		<property name ="sex" value= "m" ></property>
		<property name ="leader" value= "true" ></property>
		<property name ="grade" value= "99.9" ></property>
		
	</bean>
	
	<bean id="userDaoImpl" class="com.zjj.impl.UserDaoImpl">
		<property name = "id" value="1"></property>
		<property name ="student" ref="student"></property>
	</bean>
	
</beans>

上下文类 ApplicationContext.java

package com.zjj.application;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;
import com.zjj.beans.Bean;
import com.zjj.beans.Beans;
import com.zjj.beans.Property;

public class ApplicationContext {

	// 对象池
	private Map<String, Object> cache = new HashMap<>();
	// 单例变量
	private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;

	// 单例上下文对象
	private ApplicationContext(String path) {
		try {
			// 解析xml
			JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Beans.class);
			Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();
			Beans beans = (Beans) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new FileInputStream(path));

			// 获取bean集合
			List<Bean> beanList = beans.getBeans();
			// 如果不为空
			if (!beanList.isEmpty()) {
				// 遍历bean标签
				for (Bean bean : beanList) {
					// 第一次迭代，bean对象的id,class
					String idName = bean.getId();
					String className = bean.getClazz();
					// 根据bean的设置，通过反射创建对象
					Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
					// UserDaoImpl对象
					Object BeanInstance = clazz.newInstance();
					// 放到上下文中
					this.cache.put(idName, BeanInstance);
				}

				// 第二次迭代,根据属性进行设值注入
				for (Bean bean : beanList) {
					List<Property> properties = bean.getProperties();
					if (!properties.isEmpty()) {
						String id = bean.getId();
						Object beanInstance = this.cache.get(id);
						// 获取反射模板
						Class<? extends Object> clazz = beanInstance.getClass();
						// 循环执行设值方法
						for (Property property : properties) {
							String name = property.getName();
							String value = property.getValue();
							// 判断是否为设置方法
							if (value != null) {
								// 构造方法名
								String setMethodName = "set" + name.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + name.substring(1);
								// 执行set方法
								// 通过反射获取name属性的类型
								Field setField = clazz.getDeclaredField(name);
								Class<?> setFieldClass = setField.getType();
								String typeName = setFieldClass.getTypeName();
								// System.out.println(setFieldClass.getTypeName());
								// 通过反射获取该方法
								Method setMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod(setMethodName, setFieldClass);
								// 判断成员变量的类型,执行方法,参数为执行方法的对象,传入的参数
								invokeByType(typeName,setMethod,beanInstance,value);
							}
						}

					}
				}

				// 第三次迭代,设置ref对象属性
				for (Bean bean : beanList) {
					List<Property> properties = bean.getProperties();
					if (!properties.isEmpty()) {
						String id = bean.getId();
						Object beanInstance = this.cache.get(id);
						// 获取反射模板
						Class<? extends Object> clazz = beanInstance.getClass();
						// 循环执行设值方法
						for (Property property : properties) {
							String name = property.getName();
							String ref = property.getRef();
							// 判断是否为设置方法
							if (ref != null) {
								// 构造方法名
								String setMethodName = "set" + name.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + name.substring(1);
								// 执行set方法
								// 通过反射获取name属性的类型
								Field setField = clazz.getDeclaredField(name);
								Class<?> setFieldClass = setField.getType();

								// System.out.println(setFieldClass.getTypeName());
								// 通过反射获取该方法
								Method setMethod = clazz.getDeclaredMethod(setMethodName, setFieldClass);
								// 执行方法,参数为执行方法的对象,传入的参数
								setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, this.cache.get(ref));
							}
						}

					}
				}
			}

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	// 上下文单例对象返回
	public static ApplicationContext getInstance(String path) {

		if (applicationContext == null) {
			applicationContext = new ApplicationContext(path);
		}

		return applicationContext;

	}

	//返回对应的实例化对象
	public Object getBean(String idName) {
		Object bean = cache.get(idName);
		return bean;
	}
	
	//反射获取参数类型，由String装换成需要的类型，执行设置方法
	public void invokeByType(String typeName,Method setMethod,Object beanInstance,String value) throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException{
		if (typeName.equals("java.lang.String"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, value);
		if(typeName.endsWith("char"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, value.charAt(0));
		if (typeName.equals("java.lang.Integer"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Integer.parseInt(value));
		if(typeName.endsWith("int"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Integer.parseInt(value));
		if(typeName.endsWith("java.lang.Double"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Double.parseDouble(value));
		if(typeName.endsWith("double"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Double.parseDouble(value));
		if(typeName.endsWith("java.lang.Boolean"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Boolean.parseBoolean(value));
		if(typeName.endsWith("boolean"))
			setMethod.invoke(beanInstance, Boolean.parseBoolean(value));
	}

}

测试类  IOCTest.java

package com.zjj.test;

import com.zjj.application.ApplicationContext;
import com.zjj.dao.UserDao;
import com.zjj.pojo.Student;

public class IOCTest {

	public static void main(String[] args){
		
		ApplicationContext applicationContext = ApplicationContext.getInstance("src/bean.xml");
		Student student  =(Student)applicationContext.getBean("student");
		System.out.println(student.getUsername()
				+","+student.getNumber()
				+","+student.getSex()
				+","+student.getGrade()
				+","+student.isLeader()
				+","+student.getId());
		
		UserDao userDao = (UserDao) applicationContext.getBean("userDaoImpl");
		userDao.print();
	}

}

运行结果：

如果对本博客有疑问，或者实现过程中遇到问题，或者有更好的方法，欢迎留言提问以及分析。