SpringBoot关于线程池的配置

一、代码部分

AsyncConfig

import com.tmzh.saas.topic.properties.ThreadPoolProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AsyncConfig {


    @Bean(name = "myTaskExecutor")
    public Executor tmyTaskExecutor(ThreadPoolProperties threadPoolProperties) {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        //核心线程数量，线程池创建时候初始化的线程数
        executor.setCorePoolSize(threadPoolProperties.getCorePoolSize());
        //最大线程数，只有在缓冲队列满了之后才会申请超过核心线程数的线程
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(threadPoolProperties.getMaxPoolSize());
        //缓冲队列，用来缓冲执行任务的队列
        executor.setQueueCapacity(threadPoolProperties.getQueueCapacity());
        //当超过了核心线程出之外的线程在空闲时间到达之后会被销毁
        executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(threadPoolProperties.getKeepAliveTime());
        //设置好了之后可以方便我们定位处理任务所在的线程池
        executor.setThreadNamePrefix(threadPoolProperties.getThreadNamePrefix());
        //用来设置线程池关闭的时候等待所有任务都完成再继续销毁其他的Bean
        executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);
        //该方法用来设置线程池中任务的等待时间，如果超过这个时候还没有销毁就强制销毁，以确保应用最后能够被关闭，而不是阻塞住。
        executor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60);
        //线程池对拒绝任务的处理策略：这里采用了CallerRunsPolicy策略，当线程池没有处理能力的时候，该策略会直接在 execute 方法的调用线程中运行被拒绝的任务；如果执行程序已关闭，则会丢弃该任务
        executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        // 初始化
        // 通过spring @Bean方式注入ThreadPoolTaskExecutor实例时，可以不需要这一步。
        // 由于ThreadPoolTaskExecutor继承了ExecutorConfigurationSupport,初始化对象时会调用ExecutorConfigurationSupport.afterPropertiesSet()
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }

}

ThreadPoolProperties

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "thread.pool")
public class ThreadPoolProperties {
    /**
     * 核心线程数（默认线程数）
     */
    private int corePoolSize = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    /**
     * 最大线程数
     */
    private int maxPoolSize = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    /**
     * 允许线程空闲时间（单位：默认为秒）
     */
    private int keepAliveTime = 60;
    /**
     * 缓冲队列大小
     */
    private int queueCapacity = 200;
    /**
     * 线程池名前缀
     */
    private String threadNamePrefix = "asyncTask-";

}

application.yml

thread:
  pool:
    core-pool-size: 8
    max-pool-size: 16
    keep-alive-time: 60
    queue-capacity: 1000
    thread-name-prefix: myAsyncTask-

META-INF/additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json

{
  "properties": [
    {
      "name": "thread.pool.core-pool-size",
      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
      "description": "核心线程数"
    },
    {
      "name": "thread.pool.max-pool-size",
      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
      "description": "最大线程数"
    },
    {
      "name": "thread.pool.keep-alive-time",
      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
      "description": "允许线程空闲时间（单位：默认为秒）"
    },
    {
      "name": "thread.pool.queue-capacity",
      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
      "description": "缓冲队列大小"
    },
    {
      "name": "thread.pool.thread-name-prefix",
      "type": "java.lang.String",
      "description": "线程池名前缀"
    }
  ]
}

二、如何确定线程池大小？

Ncpu 表示 核心数。

如果是CPU密集型任务，就需要尽量压榨CPU，参考值可以设为 Ncpu+1

如果是IO密集型任务，参考值可以设置为 2 * Ncpu