面试必备3-快速搭建mybatis

面试必备3-快速搭建mybatis

1、新建表 user，插入样本数据，创建pojo实体

sql脚本

create database `lrx`;
create table `user`{
	`id` int primary key not null,
	`username` varchar(20),
	`password` varchar(20)
};
insert into `user` (`id`,`username`,`password`) values(1,'lihua','123');

User.java

package com.pojo;


public class User {

    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;


    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public User(Integer id, String username, String password) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }


    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }


    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2、导入依赖

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>javaweb-maven</artifactId>
        <groupId>lrx</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>mybatis-01-buildEnvironment</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.24</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>
</project>

3、配置文件 mybatisConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/lrx?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/mapper/userMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

4、新建UserMapper 接口并编写映射文件userMapper.xml

UserMapper.java

package com.mapper;

import com.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    User select(int id);
    int addUser(User user);
    int update(User user);
    int delete(int id);
}

userMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="select" resultType="com.pojo.User">
        select *
        from `user` where `id`=#{id}
    </select>
    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.pojo.User">
        insert into `user` (id, username, password)
        values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password})
    </insert>
    <update id="update" parameterType="com.pojo.User">
        update `user`
        set username = #{username},
            password = #{password}
        where id = #{id};
    </update>
    <delete id="delete">
        delete from user where id=#{id};
    </delete>
</mapper>

5、新建 Mybatis单例类

新建 Mybatis.java 类文件，实例化它，使其持有一个 SqlSessionFactory 单例对象：

package com.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class Mybatis {
    static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;

    static {
        String resource = "mybatisConfig.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

6、 UserService 类

UserService.java

package com.services;

import com.pojo.User;
import com.utils.Mybatis;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

public class UserService {
    public User select(int id) {
        SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatis.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        System.out.println(mapper.select(id));
        sqlSession.close();
    }

    public int addUser(User user){
        SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatis.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int result=mapper.addUser(user);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        return result
    }

    public int update(User user){
        SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatis.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int result=mapper.update(user);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        return result;
    }

    public int delete(int id){
        SqlSession sqlSession = Mybatis.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int result=mapper.delete(id);
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
        return result;
    }
}

7、新建一个 JUnit 测试类来测试 UserService

UserMapperTest.java

import java.util.*;
import org.junit.*;
import entity.Student;
import services.StudentService;

public class UserMapperTest {
    private static UserService userService;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void setup()
    {
        userService = new UserService();
    }
    @AfterClass
    public static void teardown()
    {
        userService = null;
    }
    @Test
    public void testSelect()
    {
        User user = userService.select(1);
        System.out.println(user);       
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testAddUser()
    {
        System.out.println(userService.addUser(new User(1,"小智","123")));
    }
    @Test
    public void testUpdate()
    {
       	System.out.println(userService.update(new User(1,"小红","456")));        
    }
    @Test
    public void testDelete()
    {
       	System.out.println(userService.delete(1));        
    }
}

8、工作原理

首先，我们配置了 MyBatis 最主要的配置文件-mybatis-config.xml,里面包含了 JDBC 连接参数；配置了映射器Mapper XML 配置文件文件，里面包含了 SQL 语句的映射。

我们使用 mybatis-config.xml 内的信息创建了 SqlSessionFactory 对象。每个数据库环境应该就一个SqlSessionFactory 对象实例，所以我们使用了单例模式只创建一个 SqlSessionFactory 实例。

我们创建了一个映射器 Mapper 接口UserMapper，其定义的方法签名和在 UserMapper.xml 中定义的完全一样（即映射器 Mapper 接口中的方法名跟 UserMapper.xml 中的 id 的值相同）。注意 UserMapper.xml 中namespace 的值被设置成 com.mybatis3.mappers.UserMapper，是 UserMapper接口的完全限定名。这使我们可以使用接口来调用映射的 SQL 语句。

在 UserService.java 中，我们在每一个方法中创建了一个新的 SqlSession，并在方法功能完成后关闭SqlSession。每一个线程应该有它自己的 SqlSession 实例。SqlSession 对象实例不是线程安全的，并且不被共享。所以 SqlSession 的作用域最好就是其所在方法的作用域。从 Web 应用程序角度上看，SqlSession 应该存在于 request 级别作用域上。