复习所用,由于老师上课是半英文ppt,所以可能看起来也有点抽象
计算机种类
- 1960s 大型主机
- 1970s 小型机、超级计算机
- 1980s 个人台式机
- 1990s internet&servers
- 2000s 客户端、嵌入式、普适计算
计算模式的发展
- 主机计算
- 桌面计算
- 普适计算
摩尔定律⭐
- 集成电路芯片上所集成的电路的数目,每隔18个月就翻一番
- 微处理器的性能每隔18个月提高一倍,而价格下降一倍
流水线
后面章节会细说,这里不做重点
计算机系统结构(Computer Architecture)的概念⭐⭐
传统概念⭐
the attributes of a [computing] system as seen by the [Assembly Language] programmer, i.e., the conceptual structure and functional behavior, as distinct from the organization of the data flows and controls the logic design, and the physical implementation.
Amdahl, Blaaw, and Brooks, 1964
程序员所看到的计算机的属性,即程序员编写出的能在机器上正确运行的程序所必须了解到的 概念性结构 和 功能特性 。
——————IBM公司的系统设计师阿姆达尔(G.M.Amdahl)
广义概念⭐
In its broadest definition, computer architecture is the design of the abstraction layers that allow us to implement information processing applications efficiently using available manufacturing technologies
宽泛定义:使用各种可行的制造工艺进行抽象层的设计,使得应用程序有效运行。
- What really matters is the functioning of the complete system
复习所用,侵删