javaweb

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-01 15:51:50 发布

三生有幸遇见你，纵使悲凉也是情。

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-01 15:51:50 发布

阅读量184

点赞数 1

文章标签： java java-ee

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46219462/article/details/122838988

版权

这篇博客详细介绍了JavaWeb开发中的核心概念，包括Servlet的Request处理，如获取参数、解决中文乱码问题、请求转发和响应重定向，以及Response的输出流控制和验证码案例。此外，还讲解了ServletContext的应用、Cookie的原理、存储和共享，JSP的内置对象和指令，以及Session的使用和原理。最后提到了EL表达式和JSTL的相关内容。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

servlet

Request

1.getParameter()

获取请求参数通用方式：不论get还是post请求方式都可以使用下列方法来获取请求参数

1.String getParameter(String name):根据参数名称获取参数值

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/requestDemo6" method="get">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>

@WebServlet("/requestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("post");
        System.out.println(username);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        //根据参数名称获取参数值
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("get");
        System.out.println(username);
    }
    }

post
lisi
get
zhangsangetParameterValues

2.getParameterValues()

getParameterValues(String name):根据参数名称获取参数值的数组

<body>
<form action="/requestDemo6" method="get">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>

    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="game">游戏
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="study">学习<br>
    
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>

@WebServlet("/requestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        //根据参数名称获取参数值的数组
        String[] hobbies = request.getParameterValues("hobby");
        for (String hobby : hobbies) {
   
            System.out.println(hobby);
        }

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
    }

game
study

3.getParameterNames()

Enumeration getParameterNames():获取所有请求的参数名称

<body>
<form action="/requestDemo6" method="get">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>

    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="game">游戏
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="study">学习<br>

    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>

@WebServlet("/requestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        //获取所有请求参数的名称
        Enumeration<String> parameterNames = request.getParameterNames();
        while (parameterNames.hasMoreElements()){
   
            String name = parameterNames.nextElement();
            System.out.println(name);
            String value = request.getParameter(name);
            System.out.println(value);
            System.out.println("------------");
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
    }

username
lisi
------------
password
123
------------
hobby
game
------------

4.getParameterMap()

Map getParameterMap():获取所有参数的map集合

<body>
<form action="/requestDemo6" method="get">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>

    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="game">游戏
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="study">学习<br>

    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>

@WebServlet("/requestDemo6")
public class RequestDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        //根据map集合获取所有的名称以及值
        Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
        //遍历
        Set<String> keySet = parameterMap.keySet();
        for (String name : keySet) {
   
            //获取键获取值
            String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
            System.out.println(name);
            for (String value : values) {
   
                System.out.println(value);
            }
            System.out.println("------------------");
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
    }

username
lisi
------------------
password
11111
------------------
hobby
game
study
------------------

中文乱码问题

中文乱码问题： get方式：tomcat 8 已经将get方式乱码问题解决了

post方式：会乱码

解决：在获取参数前，设置request的编码request.setCharacterEncoding(“utf-8”);

<body>
<form action="/requestDemo7" method="post">
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入用户名" name="username"><br>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入密码" name="password"><br>

    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="game">游戏
    <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="study">学习<br>

    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>

@WebServlet("/requestDemo7")
public class RequestDemo7 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        //设置中文乱码问题
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        //获取请求参数
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println(username);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
		this.doPost(request,response);
    }
    }

张三

请求转发

请求转发：一种在服务器内部的资源跳转方式

步骤：1. 通过request对象获取请求转发器对象：RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path)

2. 使用RequestDispatcher对象来进行转发：forward(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)

3. 使用链式编程：request.getRequestDispatcher(String path).forward(request,response);

特点：1. 浏览器地址栏路径不发生变化

2. 只能转发到当前服务器内部资源中。

	   3.  转发是一次请求

@WebServlet("/requestDemo9")
public class RequestDemo9 extends HttpServlet {
   
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   
        System.out.println("demo9被访问了。。。。。");
   }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
   

        this.doPost(request,response)