C++Primer 第八章

8.1，8.2

std::istream & func(std::istream& is)
{
    string s;
    while (is>>s)
    {
        cout<<s<<endl;
    }
    is.clear();
    return is;
}
int main()
{
    func(cin);

}

8.4

vector<string> func(string s)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(s);
    vector<string> v;
    string line;
    if (ifs)
    {
        while(std::getline(ifs,line))
        {
            v.push_back(line);
        }
    }
    return v;
}
int main()
{
    vector<string> v=func("data");
    for (auto &c:v)
        cout<<c<<endl;
}

8.5

vector<string> func(string s)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(s);
    vector<string> v;
    string word;
    if (ifs)
    {
        while(ifs>>word)
        {
            v.push_back(word);
        }
    }
    return v;
}
int main()
{
    vector<string> v=func("data");
    for (auto &c:v)
        cout<<c<<endl;
}

8.6

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(argv[1]);
    if (!ifs) return 1;
    Sales_data total(ifs);
    if (!total.isbn().empty())
    {
        Sales_data trans;
        while (read(ifs,trans))
        {
            if (total.isbn()==trans.isbn())
            {
                total.combine(trans);
            }
            else
            {
                print(cout,total)<<endl;
                total=trans;
            }
        }
        print(cout,total)<<endl;
    }
    else
    {
        std::cerr<<"NO DATA?"<<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

8.7

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(argv[1]);
    std::ofstream ofs(argv[2]);
    if (!ifs) return 1;
    Sales_data total(ifs);
    if (!total.isbn().empty())
    {
        Sales_data trans;
        while (read(ifs,trans))
        {
            if (total.isbn()==trans.isbn())
            {
                total.combine(trans);
            }
            else
            {
                print(ofs,total);
                ofs<<endl;
                total=trans;
            }
        }
        print(ofs,total);
        ofs<<endl;
    }
    else
    {
        std::cerr<<"NO DATA?"<<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

8.8
demo.exe

int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(argv[1]);
    std::ofstream ofs(argv[2],std::ofstream::app);
    if (!ifs) return 1;
    Sales_data total(ifs);
    if (!total.isbn().empty())
    {
        Sales_data trans;
        while (read(ifs,trans))
        {
            if (total.isbn()==trans.isbn())
            {
                total.combine(trans);
            }
            else
            {
                print(ofs,total)<<endl;
                total=trans;
            }
        }
        print(ofs,total)<<endl;

    }
    else
    {
        std::cerr<<"NO DATA?"<<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

在同一目录下创建输入文件input_data，在文件中提前写入我们需要输入的信息，如：
1-101 2 30
1-101 3 40
打开cmd，输入demo.exe input_data output_data
Enter运行，打开文件目录，即可看到增加的文件output_data，内容就是输出结果。

8.9

std::istream& func(std::istream& is)
{
    string s;
    while (is>>s)
        cout<<s<<endl;
    is.clear();
    return is;

}
int main()
{
    std::istringstream istrs("hello world! I am Bob");
    func(istrs);
}

8.10

std::istream& func(std::istream& is)
{
    string s;
    while (is>>s)
        cout<<s<<endl;
    is.clear();
    return is;

}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    string line,word;
    vector<string> v;
    std::ifstream ifs(argv[1]);
    while (std::getline(ifs,line))
        v.push_back(line);
    for (auto &l:v) 
    {
        std::istringstream iss(l);
        while (iss>>word)
            cout<<word<<endl;
    }
} 

8.13

struct PersonInfo
{
    string name;
    vector<string> phones;
};
bool valid(const string &s)
{
    for (const auto c:s)
        if(!isdigit(c)) return false;
    return true;
}
string format(const string &s)
{
    return s;
}
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
    std::ifstream ifs(argv[1]);
    std::ofstream ofs(argv[2]);
    string line,word;
    vector<PersonInfo> people;
    while (std::getline(ifs,line))
    {
        PersonInfo info;
        std::istringstream record(line);
        record>>info.name;
        while (record>>word)
        {
            info.phones.push_back(word);
        }
        people.push_back(info); 
    }
    for (const auto &entry:people)
    {
        std::ostringstream formatted,badNums;
        for (const auto &nums:entry.phones)
        {
            if (!valid(nums))
                badNums<<" "<<nums;
            else
                formatted<<" "<<format(nums);
        }
        if (badNums.str().empty())
            ofs<<entry.name<<" "<<formatted.str()<<endl;
        else
            std::cerr<<"input error:"<<entry.name<<"invalid number(s)"<<badNums.str()<<endl;
    }
}