SaltStack常用的模块
- 一. SaltStack模块介绍
- 二、SaltStack常用模块
- 2.1 SaltStack常用模块之network(网络模块)
- 2.1.1 network.active_tcp(查看主机建立了哪些连接)
- 2.1.2 network.calc_net(计算网络)
- 2.1.3 network.connect
- 2.1.4 network.default_route
- 2.1.5 network.get_fqdn
- 2.1.6 network.get_hostname
- 2.1.7 network.get_route(获取路由信息)
- 2.1.8 network.hw_addr(获取MAC地址)
- 2.1.9 network.ifacestartswith
- 2.1.10 network.in_subnet
- 2.1.11 network.interface(查看网卡详细信息)
- 2.1.12 network.interface_ip
- 2.1.13 network.interfaces
- 2.1.14 network.ip_addrs
- 2.1.15 network.netstat
- 2.1.16 network.ping
- 2.1.17 network.reverse_ip(基本上不用)
- 2.2 SaltStack常用模块之service
- 2.3 SaltStack常用模块之pkg
- 2.4 SaltStack常用模块之state
- 2.5 user模块
- 2.6 SaltStack常用模块之salt-cp
- 2.7 SaltStack常用模块之file
- 2.7.1 file.access
- 2.7.2 file.append
- 2.7.3 file.basename
- 2.7.4 file.dirname
- 2.7.5 file.check_hash
- 2.7.6 file.chattr
- 2.7.7 file.chown
- 2.7.8 file.copy
- 2.7.9 file.ditectory_exists
- 2.7.10 file.file_exists
- 2.7.11 file.find
- 2.7.12 file.get_gid
- 2.7.13 file.get_group
- 2.7.14 file.get_hash
- 2.7.15 file.get_mode
- 2.7.16 file.get_selinux_context
- 2.7.18 file.get_sum
- 2.7.19 file.get_uid与file.get_user
- 2.7.20 file.gid_to_group
- 2.7.21 file.group_to_gid
- 2.7.22 file.grep
- 2.7.23 file.is_blkdev
- 2.7.24 file.lsattr
- 2.7.25 file.mkdir
- 2.7.26 file.move
- 2.7.27 file.prepend
- 2.7.28 file.sed
- 2.7.29 file.read
- 2.7.30 file.readdir
- 2.7.31 file.remove
- 2.7.32 file.rename
- 2.7.33 file.touch
- 2.7.34 file.set_mode
- 2.7.35 file.symlink
- 2.7.36 file.write
一. SaltStack模块介绍
官方文档:https://docs.saltproject.io/
saltstack有执行模块与状态模块两种。
Module是日常使用SaltStack接触最多的一个组件,其用于管理对象操作,这也是SaltStack通过Push的方式进行管理的入口,比如我们日常简单的执行命令、查看包安装情况、查看服务运行情况等工作都是通过SaltStack Module来实现的。
当安装好Master和Minion包后,系统上会安装很多Module,大家可以通过以下命令查看支持的所有Module列表:
查看模块的方法有两种:
1、在官方网站上看
2、通过命令行查看(就是下面这种)
建议去官方网站上看,结构更加清晰,一目了然
//查看所有module数量
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.list_modules|wc -l
171 ## 这里列出有171,但是实际上官网上不止171个,还有很多模块是针对其他系统的,甚至网络设备,例如:路由器、交换机等。
//查看指定module的所有function
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.list_modules
minion:
- acl
- aliases
- alternatives
- apache
- archive
- artifactory
- baredoc
- beacons
- bigip
- btrfs
- buildout
- chroot
- cloud
- cmd
- composer
- config
- consul
- container_resource
- cp
- cron
- cryptdev
- data
- defaults
- devinfo
- devmap
- 此处省略N行
//查看test模块的函数
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.list_functions cmd
minion:
- cmd.exec_code
- cmd.exec_code_all
- cmd.has_exec
- cmd.powershell
- cmd.powershell_all
- cmd.retcode
- cmd.run
- cmd.run_all
- cmd.run_bg
- cmd.run_chroot
- cmd.run_stderr
- cmd.run_stdout
- cmd.script
- cmd.script_retcode
- cmd.shell
- cmd.shell_info
- cmd.shells
- cmd.tty
- cmd.which
- cmd.which_bin
//查看指定module的用法(查看整个模块)
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.doc cmd
cmd.exec_code:
Pass in two strings, the first naming the executable language, aka -
python2, python3, ruby, perl, lua, etc. the second string containing
the code you wish to execute. The stdout will be returned.
All parameters from :mod:`cmd.run_all <salt.modules.cmdmod.run_all>` except python_shell can be used.
CLI Example:
salt '*' cmd.exec_code ruby 'puts "cheese"'
salt '*' cmd.exec_code ruby 'puts "cheese"' args='["arg1", "arg2"]' env='{"FOO": "bar"}'
...此处省略N行...
这种方式去看,找什么东西很麻烦,除非用less查找的功能去查找,可以查找自己想要的模块的用法
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.doc cmd|less
All parameters from :mod:`cmd.run_all <salt.modules.cmdmod.run_all>` except python_shell can be used.
CLI Example:
salt '*' cmd.exec_code ruby 'puts "cheese"'
salt '*' cmd.exec_code ruby 'puts "cheese"' args='["arg1", "arg2"]' env='{"FOO": "bar"}'
cmd.exec_code_all:
Pass in two strings, the first naming the executable language, :
// 查看某一个模块里面的某一个函数
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' sys.doc cmd.run
//SaltStack默认也支持一次执行多个Module,Module之间通过逗号隔开,默认传参之间也是用逗号分隔,也支持指定传参分隔符号--args-separator=@即可
多个模块用逗号隔开(2个以上),模块和参数之前有一个空格,例如service.status "hello world",所有的参数之间是用逗号隔开的
[root@master ~]# salt '*' test.echo,cmd.run,service.status "hello world".date,sshd
## test.echo 是一个模块,看输出信息,看hello world;cmd.run是一个模块,是执行命令,执行date,查看日期;service.status是一个模块,查看服务的状态,查看sshd的服务状态。
minion:
----------
cmd.run:
Wed Nov 3 17:42:22 CST 2021
service.status:
True
test.echo:
hello world ## 这个变量里面如果有空格就要用双引号引起来,没有空格就直接用就可以。
二、SaltStack常用模块
2.1 SaltStack常用模块之network(网络模块)
用来管理网络的
2.1.1 network.active_tcp(查看主机建立了哪些连接)
返回所有活动的tcp连接
// 在minion端本机上查看已经建立的连接
[root@minion ~]# ss -ant
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
ESTAB 0 0 192.168.47.160:56458 192.168.47.163:4505
ESTAB 0 0 192.168.47.160:22 192.168.47.1:57933
ESTAB 0 36 192.168.47.160:22 192.168.47.1:57931
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:80 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
// 在master端查看minion端已经建立的连接
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.active_tcp
minion:
----------
0:
----------
local_addr:
192.168.47.160
local_port:
56458
remote_addr:
192.168.47.163
remote_port:
4505
1:
----------
local_addr:
192.168.47.160
local_port:
22
remote_addr:
192.168.47.1
remote_port:
57933
2:
----------
local_addr:
192.168.47.160
local_port:
22
remote_addr:
192.168.47.1
remote_port:
57931
2.1.2 network.calc_net(计算网络)
通过IP和子网掩码计算(calc)出网段
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.calc_net 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
minion:
192.168.1.0/24
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.calc_net 192.168.1.1 255.255.0.0
minion:
192.168.0.0/16
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.calc_net 192.168.1.1 255.255.248.0
minion:
192.168.0.0/21
2.1.3 network.connect
测试minion至某一台服务器的网络是否连通
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.connect www.baidu.com 80
minion:
----------
comment:
Successfully connected to www.baidu.com (182.61.200.6) on tcp port 80
result:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.connect 192.168.47.163 22
minion:
----------
comment:
Successfully connected to 192.168.47.163 (192.168.47.163) on tcp port 22
result:
True
2.1.4 network.default_route
查看默认路由
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.default_route
minion:
|_
----------
addr_family:
inet
destination:
0.0.0.0
flags:
UG
gateway:
192.168.47.2
interface:
ens33
netmask:
0.0.0.0
这个查看的是某一个命令的内容,就是route -n的命令的内容,但是在centos8上面没有route命令,如果你想看的话就需要去安装
[root@master ~]# yum -y install net-tools
[root@master ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.47.2 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.47.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
2.1.5 network.get_fqdn
查看主机的fqdn(完全限定域名)
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.get_fqdn ## 如果名字是比较长的话,fqdn这个命令可以把整个都取出来,而hostname只会取一部分
minion:
minion
2.1.6 network.get_hostname
获取主机名
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.get_hostname
minion:
minion
2.1.7 network.get_route(获取路由信息)
查询到一个目标网络的路由信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.get_route 192.168.180.128
minion:
----------
destination:
192.168.180.128
gateway:
192.168.47.2
interface:
ens33
source:
192.168.47.160
2.1.8 network.hw_addr(获取MAC地址)
返回指定网卡的MAC地址(所谓的硬件地址就是mac地址)
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.hw_addr ens33
minion:
00:0c:29:b1:e1:b3
2.1.9 network.ifacestartswith
从特定CIDR检索接口名称(通过网络地址来确定它网卡的名字)
一个网卡可能有多个IP,那么想看某一个IP在哪一个网卡里面,就用这个命令
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.ifacestartswith 192
minion:
- ens33
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.ifacestartswith 127
minion:
- lo
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.ifacestartswith 192.168.47 ## 不能找具体的某一个IP地址
minion:
- ens33
2.1.10 network.in_subnet
判断当前主机是否在某一个网段内
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.in_subnet 192.168.47.0/24
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.in_subnet 192.168.0.0/16
minion:
True
2.1.11 network.interface(查看网卡详细信息)
返回指定网卡的信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.interface ens33
minion:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.47.160 ## IP地址
broadcast:
192.168.47.255 ## 广播地址
label:
ens33
netmask:
255.255.255.0
2.1.12 network.interface_ip
返回指定网卡的IP地址
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.interface_ip ens33
minion:
192.168.47.160
2.1.13 network.interfaces
返回当前系统中所有的网卡信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.interfaces
minion:
----------
ens33:
----------
hwaddr:
00:0c:29:b1:e1:b3
inet:
|_
----------
address:
192.168.47.160
broadcast:
192.168.47.255
label:
ens33
netmask:
255.255.255.0
inet6:
|_
----------
address:
fe80::7a15:4c0a:5a8f:f2b9
prefixlen:
64
scope:
link
|_
----------
address:
fe80::ffee:dcb8:ca4d:af8
prefixlen:
64
scope:
link
up:
True
lo:
----------
hwaddr:
00:00:00:00:00:00
inet:
|_
----------
address:
127.0.0.1
broadcast:
None
label:
lo
netmask:
255.0.0.0
inet6:
|_
----------
address:
::1
prefixlen:
128
scope:
host
up:
True
2.1.14 network.ip_addrs
返回一个IPv4的地址列表
该函数将会忽略掉127.0.0.1的地址
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.ip_addrs
minion:
- 192.168.47.160
// 之前取IP地址方式
[root@master ~]# ip a|grep 'inet '|grep -v 127|awk -F'[ /]+' '{print $3}'
192.168.47.163
2.1.15 network.netstat
返回所有打开的端口和状态(查看netstat命令执行的效果)
[root@master ~]# netstat -antl
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4506 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4505 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.47.163:22 192.168.47.1:62439 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 192.168.47.163:55518 192.168.47.2:53 TIME_WAIT
tcp 0 0 192.168.47.163:4505 192.168.47.160:56458 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 192.168.47.163:4505 192.168.47.163:38238 ESTABLISHED
tcp 0 0 192.168.47.163:38238 192.168.47.163:4505 ESTABLISHED
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.netstat
minion:
|_
----------
inode:
671525
local-address:
192.168.47.160%ens33:68
program:
NetworkManager
proto:
udp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
192.168.47.254:67
send-q:
0
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
894630
local-address:
0.0.0.0:80
program:
nginx
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
0.0.0.0:*
send-q:
128
state:
LISTEN
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
27826
local-address:
0.0.0.0:22
program:
sshd
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
0.0.0.0:*
send-q:
128
state:
LISTEN
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
1823419
local-address:
192.168.47.160:56458
program:
salt-minion
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
192.168.47.163:4505
send-q:
0
state:
ESTABLISHED
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
1378921
local-address:
192.168.47.160:22
program:
sshd
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
192.168.47.1:57933
send-q:
0
state:
ESTABLISHED
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
1378795
local-address:
192.168.47.160:22
program:
sshd
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
192.168.47.1:57931
send-q:
0
state:
ESTABLISHED
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
894631
local-address:
[::]:80
program:
nginx
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
[::]:*
send-q:
128
state:
LISTEN
user:
0
|_
----------
inode:
27837
local-address:
[::]:22
program:
sshd
proto:
tcp
recv-q:
0
remote-address:
[::]:*
send-q:
128
state:
LISTEN
user:
0
2.1.16 network.ping
使用ping命令测试到某主机的连通性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.ping www.baidu.com
minion:
PING www.a.shifen.com (36.152.44.96) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (36.152.44.96): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=28.7 ms
64 bytes from localhost (36.152.44.96): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=27.7 ms
64 bytes from localhost (36.152.44.96): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=28.4 ms
64 bytes from localhost (36.152.44.96): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=27.9 ms
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 27.693/28.181/28.690/0.440 ms
2.1.17 network.reverse_ip(基本上不用)
返回一个指定的IP地址的反向地址,在dns服务里面可能会用到,在dns里面有两个东西,一个叫正向区域(把域名解析成IP),一个叫反向区域(把IP解析成域名)
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' network.reverse_ip 192.168.1.0
minion:
0.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa ##反向区域的地址
2.2 SaltStack常用模块之service
2.2.1 service.available
判断指定的服务是否可用
(是否可用指的是,服务有没有装,没装就一定不能用,装了就一定能用)
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.available sshd
minion:
True
2.2.2 service.get_all
获取所有正在运行的服务,准确的说是获取所有正在运行的进程
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.get_all
minion:
- NetworkManager
- NetworkManager-dispatcher
- NetworkManager-wait-online
- auditd
- autovt@
- basic.target
- blk-availability
- bluetooth.target
- boot-complete.target
- console-getty
- container-getty@
- cpupower
- crond
- cryptsetup-pre.target
- cryptsetup.target
- ctrl-alt-del.target
- dbus
- 此处省略N行
2.2.3 service.disabled
检查指定服务是否开机不自动启动,查看某一个服务是否处于禁用状态
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.disabled sshd
minion:
False
2.2.4 service.enabled
检查指定服务是否开机自动启动,查看某一个服务是否在启用状态
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.enabled sshd
minion:
True
2.2.5 service.disable
设置指定服务开机不自动启动
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.disable sshd
minion:
True
2.2.6 service.enable
设置指定服务开机自动启动
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.enable sshd
minion:
True
2.2.7 service.reload
重新加载指定服务
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.reload nginx
minion:
True
2.2.8 service.stop
停止指定服务
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.stop nginx
minion:
True
2.2.9 service.start
启动指定服务
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.start nginx
minion:
True
2.2.10 service.restart
重启指定服务
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.restart nginx
minion:
True
2.2.11 service.status
查看指定服务的状态
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' service.status nginx
minion:
True
2.3 SaltStack常用模块之pkg
2.3.1 pkg.download
只下载软件包但不安装,不会下载依赖包
此功能将会下载指定的软件包,但是需要在minion端安装yum-utils,可以使用 cmd.run 进行远程安装
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'yum -y install yum-utils'
minion:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:53:03 ago on Wed Nov 3 18:09:34 2021.
Package yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.download wget
minion:
----------
wget:
/var/cache/yum/packages/wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm ## 下载好的软件放在这里
[root@minion ~]# ls /var/cache/yum/packages/
wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64.rpm
2.3.2 pkg.file_list
列出指定包或系统中已安装的所有包的文件
//列出已安装的apache软件包提供的所有文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.file_list openssh
minion:
----------
errors:
files:
- /etc/ssh
- /etc/ssh/moduli
- /usr/bin/ssh-keygen
- /usr/lib/.build-id
- /usr/lib/.build-id/0b
- /usr/lib/.build-id/0b/bdc4d92ff3c605b56714b6510fccde281765e5
- /usr/lib/.build-id/58
- /usr/lib/.build-id/58/7ef4180fd17a06c2f3ae9c1ccb8bcdb46b4fe5
- /usr/libexec/openssh
- /usr/libexec/openssh/ssh-keysign
- /usr/share/doc/openssh
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/CREDITS
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/ChangeLog
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/INSTALL
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/OVERVIEW
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.agent
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.chacha20poly1305
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.key
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.krl
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/PROTOCOL.mux
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/README
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.dns
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.platform
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.privsep
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.tun
- /usr/share/doc/openssh/TODO
- /usr/share/licenses/openssh
- /usr/share/licenses/openssh/LICENCE
- /usr/share/man/man1/ssh-keygen.1.gz
- /usr/share/man/man8/ssh-keysign.8.gz
2.3.3 pkg.group_info
查看包组的信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.group_info 'Development Tools'
minion:
----------
conditional:
default:
- asciidoc
- byacc
- ctags
- diffstat
- elfutils-libelf-devel
- git
- intltool
- jna
- ltrace
- patchutils
- perl-Fedora-VSP
- perl-Sys-Syslog
- perl-generators
- pesign
- source-highlight
- systemtap
- valgrind
- valgrind-devel
description:
A basic development environment.
group:
Development Tools
id:
None
mandatory: ## 强制安装的
- autoconf
- automake
- binutils
- bison
- flex
- gcc
- gcc-c++
- gdb
- glibc-devel
- libtool
- make
- pkgconf
- pkgconf-m4
- pkgconf-pkg-config
- redhat-rpm-config
- rpm-build
- rpm-sign
- strace
optional: ## 默认情况下不安装的
- cmake
- expect
- rpmdevtools
- rpmlint
type:
package group
2.3.4 pkg.group_list
列出系统中所有的包组
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.group_list
minion:
----------
available:
- Backup Client
- base-x
- Conflicts AppStream
- Container Management
- Debugging Tools
- Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
- .NET Core Development
- FTP Server
- GNOME Applications
- Graphics Creation Tools
- Guest Agents
- Guest Desktop Agents
- Input Methods
- Internet Applications
- Internet Browser
- Java Platform
- Legacy X Window System Compatibility
- Multimedia
- Office Suite and Productivity
- Atomic Host ostree support
- KVM platform specific packages
- Hyper-v platform specific packages
- Printing Client
- Remote Desktop Clients
- RPM Development Tools
- TeX formatting system
- Virtualization Client
- Virtualization Hypervisor
- Virtualization Platform
- Virtualization Tools
- Basic Web Server
- Additional Development
- Anaconda tools
- Base
- Conflicts BaseOS
- Development Tools
- Dial-up Networking Support
- File and Storage Server
- Fonts
- GNOME
- Graphical Administration Tools
- Hardware Monitoring Utilities
- Hardware Support
- Headless Management
- Infiniband Support
- Large Systems Performance
- Legacy UNIX Compatibility
- Mail Server
- Mainframe Access
- Network File System Client
- Network Servers
- Networking Tools
- Common NetworkManager submodules
- Performance Tools
- Platform Development
- Python Web
- Remote Management for Linux
- Scientific Support
- Security Tools
- Server product core
- Smart Card Support
- Windows File Server
- Standard
- System Tools
- Workstation product core
available environments:
- Server with GUI
- Server
- Workstation
- Virtualization Host
- Custom Operating System
available languages:
----------
installed:
- VMware platform specific packages
- Core
installed environments:
- Minimal Install
2.3.5 pkg.install
安装软件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.install wget
minion:
----------
wget:
----------
new:
1.19.5-10.el8
old:
2.3.6 pkg.list_downloaded
列出已下载到本地的软件包
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.list_downloaded ## 刚刚用download命令下载的东西,跟安装是两回事,装完之后,会删掉,所以去查看的时候就看不到
minion:
----------
2.3.7 pkg.list_pkgs
以字典的方式列出当前已安装的软件包
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.list_pkgs
minion:
----------
NetworkManager:
1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
NetworkManager-libnm:
1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
NetworkManager-team:
1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
NetworkManager-tui:
1:1.30.0-0.3.el8
abattis-cantarell-fonts:
0.0.25-4.el8
acl:
2.2.53-1.el8
adwaita-cursor-theme:
3.28.0-2.el8
adwaita-icon-theme:
3.28.0-2.el8
apr:
1.6.3-12.el8
...此处省略N行
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.list_pkgs|wc -l ## 列出系统内所安装的包的数量
1102
2.3.8 pkg.owner
列出指定文件是由哪个包提供的
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.owner /usr/bin/ls
minion:
coreutils
2.3.9 pkg.remove
卸载指定软件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.remove wget
minion:
----------
wget:
----------
new:
old:
1.19.5-10.el8
//若要卸载多个文件,中间需要用逗号隔开
2.3.10 pkg.upgrade
升级系统中所有的软件包或升级指定的软件包
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' pkg.upgrade name=openssl
minion:
----------
openssl:
----------
new:
1:1.1.1k-4.el8
old:
1:1.1.1g-11.el8
openssl-libs:
----------
new:
1:1.1.1k-4.el8
old:
1:1.1.1g-11.el8
//若想升级系统中所有的软件包则把 name 参数去掉即可
2.4 SaltStack常用模块之state
2.4.1 state.show_highstate
显示当前系统中有哪些高级状态
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.show_highstate
minion:
----------
nginx-install:
----------
__env__:
base
__sls__:
web.nginx.install
pkg:
|_
----------
name:
nginx
- installed
|_
----------
order:
10000
nginx-service:
----------
__env__:
base
__sls__:
web.nginx.install
service:
|_
----------
name:
nginx
|_
----------
enable:
True
- running
|_
----------
order:
10001
2.4.2 state.highstate
执行高级状态
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.highstate web.apache.installminion:
----------
ID: nginx-install
Function: pkg.installed
Name: nginx
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed
Started: 19:43:04.516317
Duration: 678.172 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: nginx-service
Function: service.running
Name: nginx
Result: True
Comment: The service nginx is already running
Started: 19:43:05.198931
Duration: 42.314 ms
Changes:
Summary for minion
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 2
Total run time: 720.486 ms
2.4.3 state.show_state_usage
显示当前系统中的高级状态执行情况
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.show_state_usage
minion:
----------
base:
----------
count_all: ## 3个状态
3
count_unused: ##有2个没有base用户
2
count_used: ## 1个base用户
1
unused:
- top
- web.apache.install
used:
- web.nginx.install
dev:
----------
count_all:
0
count_unused:
0
count_used:
0
unused:
used:
prod:
----------
count_all:
0
count_unused:
0
count_used:
0
unused:
used:
test:
----------
count_all:
0
count_unused:
0
count_used:
0
unused:
used:
2.4.4 state.show_top
返回minion将用于highstate的顶级数据
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.show_top
minion:
----------
base:
- web.nginx.install
2.4.5 state.top
执行指定的top file,而不是默认的
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.top top.sls
minion:
----------
ID: nginx-install
Function: pkg.installed
Name: nginx
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed
Started: 19:47:53.966094
Duration: 712.216 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: nginx-service
Function: service.running
Name: nginx
Result: True
Comment: The service nginx is already running
Started: 19:47:54.679980
Duration: 50.09 ms
Changes:
Summary for minion
------------
Succeeded: 2
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 2
Total run time: 762.306 ms
2.4.6 state.show_sls
显示 master 上特定sls或sls文件列表中的状态数据
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' state.show_sls web.apache.install
minion:
----------
apache-install:
----------
__env__:
base
__sls__:
web.apache.install
pkg:
|_
----------
name:
nginx
- installed
|_
----------
order:
10000
apache-service:
----------
__env__:
base
__sls__:
web.apache.install
service:
|_
----------
name:
nginx
|_
----------
enable:
True
- running
|_
----------
order:
10001
2.5 user模块
用于命令行管理用户
2.5.1 user.add
创建用户
用法:salt '*' user.add name <uid> <gid> <groups> <home> <shell>
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' group.add wjj 1300
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.add test 1400 wjj /home/test /bin/bash
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# id test
uid=1400(test) gid=1300(wjj) 组=1300(wjj)
2.5.2 user.info
返回用户信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.info test
minion:
----------
fullname:
gid:
1300
groups:
- wjj
home:
/bin/bash
homephone:
name:
test
other:
passwd:
x
roomnumber:
shell:
/bin/bash
uid:
1400
workphone:
2.5.3 user.getent
返回所有系统用户信息的列表
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.getent
minion:
|_
----------
fullname:
root
gid:
0
groups:
- root
home:
/root
homephone:
name:
root
other:
passwd:
x
roomnumber:
shell:
/bin/bash
uid:
.....此处省略..........
2.5.4 user.list_groups
列出指定用户所属组的列表
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.list_groups test
minion:
- wjj
2.5.5 user.rename
修改指定用户的用户名
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.rename test testuser
minion:
False
// 虽然返回False但是操作是成功完成了的
2.5.6 user.delete
删除用户
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' user.delete testuser
minion:
True
2.6 SaltStack常用模块之salt-cp
salt-cp能够很方便的把 master 上的文件批量传到 minion上
//拷贝单个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src/'
minion:
debug
kernels
[root@master ~]# salt-cp 'minion' /etc/passwd /usr/src/
master:
----------
/usr/src/passwd:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
minion:
debug
kernels
passwd
//拷贝多个文件到目标主机的/usr/src目录下
[root@master ~]# salt-cp 'minion' /etc/shadow /etc/group /usr/src
minion:
----------
/usr/src/group:
True
/usr/src/shadow:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls /usr/src'
node1:
debug
group
kernels
passwd
shadow
2.7 SaltStack常用模块之file
2.7.1 file.access
检查指定路径是否存在
[root@node1 ~]# ls /usr/src/
debug group kernels passwd shadow
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.access /usr/src/debug f
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.access /usr/src/wjj f
minion:
False
检查指定文件的权限信息
[root@node1 ~]# ll /usr/src/
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 5月 19 2020 debug
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 513 11月 4 18:20 group
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 5月 19 2020 kernels
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.access /usr/src/debug r //是否有读权限
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.access /usr/src/debug w //是否有写权限
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.access /usr/src/debug x //是否有执行权限
minion:
True
2.7.2 file.append
往一个文件里追加内容,若此文件不存在则会报异常
[root@minion ~]# ll hh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2 11月 4 18:29 hh
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.append /root/hh "hello" "wjj"
wjj:
Wrote 2 lines to "/root/hh"
[root@minion ~]# cat hh
hello
wjj
[root@minion ~]# ll hh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 11月 4 18:32 hh
2.7.3 file.basename
获取指定路径的基名
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.basename '/usr/src/debug'
minion:
debug
2.7.4 file.dirname
获取指定路径的目录名
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.dirname '/usr/src/debug'
minion:
/usr/src
2.7.5 file.check_hash
检查指定的文件与hash字符串是否匹配,匹配则返回 True 否则返回 False
[root@minion ~]# md5sum /etc/passwd
3735b6645a321bf2971d5a7dhf89in7 /etc/passwd
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.check_hash /etc/passwd 3735b6645a321bf2971d5a7dhf89in7
minion:
True
2.7.6 file.chattr
修改指定文件的属性
属性 | 对文件的意义 | 对目录的意义 |
---|---|---|
a | 只允许在这个文件之后追加数据,不允许任何进程覆盖或截断这个文件 | 只允许在这个目录下建立和修改文件,而不允许删除任何文件 |
i | 不允许对这个文件进行任何的修改,不能删除、更改、移动 | 任何的进程只能修改目录之下的文件,不允许建立和删除文件 |
给指定文件添加属性
//查看当前属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
minion:
-------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
-------------------- /root/wjj
-------------------- /root/hh
//添加属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.chattr /root/hh operator=add attributes=ai
minion:
True
给指定文件去除属性
//查看当前属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'lsattr /root'
node1:
-------------------- /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
-------------------- /root/wjj
-------------------- /root/hh
//添加属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.chattr /root/hh operator=add attributes=ai
minion:
True
2.7.7 file.chown
设置指定文件的属主、属组信息
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
minion:
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov 1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 4 18:32 hh
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Nov 4 19:29 wjj
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.chown /root/wjj tom tom
minion:
None
[root@master ~]# salt minion cmd.run 'ls -l /root/'
minion:
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 Nov 1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 4 18:32 hh
drwxr-xr-x 2 tom tom 6 Nov 4 19:29 wjj
2.7.8 file.copy
在远程主机上复制文件或目录
拷贝文件
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 11月 1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 11月 4 18:32 hh
drwxr-xr-x 2 tom tom 6 11月 4 19:29 wjj
[root@master ~]# salt node1 file.copy /root/hh /root/jj
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 12
-rw-------. 1 root root 1244 11月 1 16:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 11月 4 18:32 hh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 11月 4 20:00 jj
drwxr-xr-x 2 tom tom 6 11月 4 19:29 wjj
覆盖并拷贝目录,将会覆盖同名文件或目录
[root@minion ~]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14 Nov 4 02:49 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14 Nov 4 02:27 test
[root@master ~]# salt minion file.copy /tmp /root/123 recurse=True
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ll
total 16
drwxrwxrwt. 14 root root 4096 Nov 4 02:52 123
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14 Nov 4 02:49 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1181 Sep 27 05:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14 Nov 4 02:27 test
删除目标目录中同名的文件或目录并拷贝新内容至其中
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
minion:
total 336
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Feb 24 15:02 abc
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1259 Feb 24 15:02 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 219068 Feb 24 15:02 libevent-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 86564 Feb 24 15:02 libevent-devel-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-httpd.service-qGPJuL
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vgauthd.service-8p0jur
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vmtoolsd.service-ouRK2O
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Feb 24 15:02 systemd-private-07ec2f23d5a348e5b7cf1d1c0799ebd4-vmtoolsd.service-ouRK2Ovmware-root
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 493 Feb 24 15:02 yum_save_tx.2019-02-22.14-22.RXRzka.yumtx
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 22692 Feb 24 15:02 zabbix_agentd.log
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/abc'
minion:
total 0
drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan 7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vgauthd.service-kI2C1K
drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan 7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vmtoolsd.service-ZzRiqC
//拷贝目录
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.copy /opt/abc/ /root/abc/ recurse=True remove_existing=True
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/abc'
minion:
total 0
drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan 7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vgauthd.service-kI2C1K
drwx------. 3 root root 17 Jan 7 16:41 systemd-private-fdaaf26c12984e209f544671b67c1951-vmtoolsd.service-ZzRiqC
2.7.9 file.ditectory_exists
判断指定目录是否存在,存在则返回 True ,否则返回 False
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt'
minion:
total 0
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.directory_exists /opt/abc
minion:
False
2.7.10 file.file_exists
判断指定文件是否存在
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.file_exists /root/hh
minion:
True
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.file_exists /root/wjj
minion:
False
2.7.11 file.find
类似 find 命令并返回符合指定条件的路径列表
The options include match criteria:
name = path-glob # 区分大小写
iname = path-glob # 不区分大小写
regex = path-regex # 区分大小写
iregex = path-regex # 不区分大小写
type = file-types # 匹配任何列出的类型
user = users # 匹配任何列出的用户
group = groups # 匹配任何列出的组
size = [+-]number[size-unit] # 默认单位=字节
mtime = interval # 从日期开始修改
grep = regex # 搜索文件内容
and/or actions:
delete [= file-types] # default type = 'f'
exec = command [arg ...] # where {} is replaced by pathname
print [= print-opts]
and/or depth criteria:
maxdepth = maximum depth to transverse in path
mindepth = minimum depth to transverse before checking files or directories
The default action is print=path
path-glob:
* = 匹配零个或多个字符
? = 匹配任意字符
[abc] = 匹配a, b或c
[!abc] or [^abc] = 匹配除a, b, c之外的任何东西
[x-y] = 匹配字符x到y
[!x-y] or [^x-y] = 匹配除了字符x到y以外的任何字符
{a,b,c} = 匹配 a or b or c
path-regex: a Python Regex (regular expression) pattern to match pathnames
file-types: a string of one or more of the following:
a: all file types
b: block device
c: character device
d: directory
p: FIFO (named pipe)
f: plain file
l: symlink
s: socket
--------------------
a: 所有文件类型
b: 块设备
c: 字符设备
d: 目录
p: FIFO(命名管道)
f: 普通文件
l: 符号链接
s: 套接字
users: a space and/or comma separated list of user names and/or uids
groups: a space and/or comma separated list of group names and/or gids
size-unit:
b: bytes
k: kilobytes
m: megabytes
g: gigabytes
t: terabytes
interval:
[<num>w] [<num>d] [<num>h] [<num>m] [<num>s]
where:
w: week
d: day
h: hour
m: minute
s: second
print-opts: a comma and/or space separated list of one or more of the following:
group: :组名
md5: 文件内容的md5摘要
mode: 文件权限(以整数形式)
mtime: 最后一次修改时间(as time_t)
name: file basename
path: 文件的绝对路径
size: 以字节为单位的文件大小
type: 文件类型
user: 用户名
示例:
salt '*' file.find / type=f name=\*.bak size=+10m
salt '*' file.find /var mtime=+30d(30天以前文件被修改的时间) size=+10m print=path,size,mtime
salt '*' file.find /var/log name=\*.[0-9] mtime=+30d size=+10m delete
2.7.12 file.get_gid
获取指定文件的gid
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
minion:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 4 18:32 /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_gid /root/hh
minion:
0
2.7.13 file.get_group
获取指定文件的组名
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
minion:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 4 18:32 /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_group /root/hh
minion:
root
2.7.14 file.get_hash
获取指定文件的hash值,该值通过 sha256 算法得来
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'sha256sum /root/hh'
minion:
51cbfc85c15e0916ac9ca96c357b514385d61f58ef200d0be919d36e6bae31fc /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_hash /root/hh
minion:
51cbfc85c15e0916ac9ca96c357b514385d61f58ef200d0be919d36e6bae31fc
2.7.15 file.get_mode
获取指定文件的权限,以数字方式显示
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /root/hh'
minion:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Nov 4 18:32 /root/hh
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_mode /root/hh
minion:
0644
2.7.16 file.get_selinux_context
获取指定文件的 SELINUX 上下文信息
# 获取/varlog目录的上下文
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_selinux_context /var/log
minion:
system_u:object_r:var_log_t:s0
# 获取/root/目录的上下文
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_selinux_context /root/
minion:
system_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0
2.7.18 file.get_sum
按照指定的算法计算指定文件的特征码并显示,默认使用的sha256算法。
该函数可使用的算法参数有:
md5
sha1
sha224
sha256 (default)
sha384
sha512
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
minion:
49d17066363644a212d3b3e6874bbfe63d16a107d693d90bacb88d4a90f85ebb
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf md5
minion:
58b5c2fed6c4f0731b258eff25e7b5e1
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sha512
minion:
c51c29687d0c6fd19fb7bbf4e3b61fbdf7c056b92572cb3d0c6a8f9ad58d80b7961c44c595c1351f75ac2e86ce86d978b260ac0d04dfcec20752b971510fcb5a
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_sum /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf sha224
minion:
4d4f8f5c7f0a6a369ebb2f896c433fe897ec0bf96e7032d5f45a649b
2.7.19 file.get_uid与file.get_user
获取指定文件的 uid 或 用户名
# 获取/root/test.sh的uid
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_uid /root/test.sh
minion:
1112
# 获取/root/test.sh的用户
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_user /root/test.sh
minion:
alice
# 获取/root/test.sh的gid
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_gid /root/test.sh
minion:
1112
# 获取/root/test.sh的组
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.get_group /root/test.sh
minion:
harry
2.7.20 file.gid_to_group
将指定的 gid 转换为组名并显示
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.gid_to_group 0
minion:
root
2.7.21 file.group_to_gid
将指定的组名转换为 gid 并显示
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.group_to_gid root
minion:
0
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.group_to_gid tom
minion:
1003
2.7.22 file.grep
在指定文件中检索指定内容
该函数支持通配符,若在指定的路径中用通配符则必须用双引号引起来
salt '*' file.grep /etc/passwd nobody
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i
salt '*' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 ipaddr -- -i -B2
salt '*' file.grep "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/*" ipaddr -- -i -l
# 在/etc/passwd文件中查找以root开头的
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/passwd "^root"
minion:
----------
pid:
267952
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i
minion:
----------
pid:
323676
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
IPADDR=192.168.47.161
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写更详细显示
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -il
minion:
----------
pid:
324061
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示后两行
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -A2
minion:
----------
pid:
326627
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
IPADDR=192.168.220.10
GATEWAY=192.168.220.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示前两行
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -B2
minion:
----------
pid:
327128
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.220.10
# 查找指定文件中的ipaddr 忽略大小写并显示前后两行
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.grep /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 ipaddr -- -i -C2
minion:
----------
pid:
327683
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.47.161
GATEWAY=192.168.47.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
2.7.23 file.is_blkdev
判断指定的文件是否是块设备文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /dev/sr0'
minion:
brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom 11, 0 Nov 4 16:50 /dev/sr0
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.is_blkdev /dev/sr0
minion:
True
2.7.24 file.lsattr
检查并显示出指定文件的属性信息
# 查看属性
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
minion:
-------------------- /etc/passwd
# 添加属性a
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'chattr +a /etc/passwd'
minion:
# 查看添加结果
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
minion:
-----a-------------- /etc/passwd
# 删除添加的属性a
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'chattr -a /etc/passwd'
minion:
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'lsattr /etc/passwd'
minion:
-------------------- /etc/passwd
2.7.25 file.mkdir
创建目录并设置属主、属组及权限
# 创建目录/opt/hehe 属主为root 属组为alice 权限为755
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.mkdir /opt/hehe root alice 755
minion:
True
# 查看创建的/opt/hehe
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' cmd.run 'ls -l /opt/'
minion:
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 34 Nov 4 02:19 123
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1023 Nov 4 00:54 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Nov 4 03:48 hehe
2.7.26 file.move
移动或重命名
重命名
[root@minion ~]# echo 'hello world' > abc
[root@minion ~]# ls
abc anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@minion ~]# cat abc
hello world
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.move /root/abc /root/hehe
minion:
----------
comment:
'/root/abc' moved to '/root/hehe'
result:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg hehe
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hello world
移动
[root@minion ~]# mkdir test
[root@minion ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg hehe test
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.move /root/hehe /root/test/ ## 把hehe这个目录移进test目录里
minion:
----------
comment:
'/root/hehe' moved to '/root/test/'
result:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg test
[root@minion ~]# ls test/
hehe
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.move /root/test/hehe /root/abc ## 把test目录下的hehe目录移出去,并修改名字
minion:
----------
comment:
'/root/test/hehe' moved to '/root/abc'
result:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls
abc anaconda-ks.cfg test
[root@minion ~]# cat abc
hello world
2.7.27 file.prepend
把文本插入指定文件的开头,可以用来生成(有内容)文件
[root@minion ~]# ls
abc anaconda-ks.cfg test
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.prepend /root/hehe hello world ##插入一个不存在的文件,并写入内容
minion:
Prepended 2 lines to "/root/hehe"
[root@minion ~]# ls
abc anaconda-ks.cfg hehe test
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hello
world
2.7.28 file.sed
修改文本文件的内容,这里的sed是批量操作
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hello mm hello ll hello jj hello yy
110 120 110 110 120 130
110
120
hello
world
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.sed /root/hehe hello hi
minion:
----------
pid:
1051695
retcode: ## 返回值为0,则表示成功
0
stderr:
stdout:
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hi mm hi ll hi jj hi yy
110 120 110 110 120 130
110
120
hi
world
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.sed /root/hehe 110 hehe flags=2
minion:
----------
pid:
1061896
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hi mm hi ll hi jj hi yy
110 120 hehe 110 120 130
110
120
hi
world
2.7.29 file.read
读取文件内容
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.read /root/hehe
minion:
hi mm hi ll hi jj hi yy
110 120 hehe 110 120 130
110
120
hi
world
2.7.30 file.readdir
列出指定目录下的所有文件或目录,包括隐藏文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.readdir /root
minion:
- .
- ..
- .bash_logout
- .bash_profile
- .bashrc
- .cshrc
- .tcshrc
- anaconda-ks.cfg
- .config
- .bash_history
- test
- abc
- .viminfo
- hehe.bak
- hehe
2.7.31 file.remove
删除指定的文件或目录,若给出的是目录,将递归删除
[root@minion ~]# tree test
test
├── a
│ └── b
│ └── c
│ └── d
│ └── e
│ └── f
│ └── hehe.bak
└── hehe
6 directories, 2 files
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.remove /root/abc
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg test
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.remove /root/test
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
2.7.32 file.rename
重命名文件或目录
[root@minion ~]# ls
abc anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.rename /root/abc /opt/hehe
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ls /opt/
hehe
2.7.33 file.touch
创建空文件或更新时间戳
// 创建空文件
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.touch /root/abc
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 9月 30 01:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
// 更新时间戳
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 9月 30 01:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.touch /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 11月 6 18:09 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
2.7.34 file.set_mode
给指定文件和目录设置权限
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.set_mode /root/abc 600
minion:
0600
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw------- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 9月 30 01:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.set_mode /root/test 2777
minion:
2777
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
-rw------- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 9月 30 01:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
drwxrwsrwx 2 root root 6 11月 6 18:04 test
2.7.35 file.symlink
给指定的文件创建软链接
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.symlink /root/test /root/123
minion:
True
[root@minion ~]# ll
总用量 8
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 11月 6 18:07 123 -> /root/test
-rw------- 1 root root 0 11月 6 17:59 abc
-rw-------. 1 root root 1092 9月 30 01:37 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 11月 6 17:55 hehe
drwxrwsrwx 2 root root 6 11月 6 18:04 test
2.7.36 file.write
往一个指定的文件里覆盖写入指定内容(不是根据内容的多少和内容的长度来覆盖的,它是直接把整个内容清空了,再重新写的)
文件存在,它会覆盖;文件不存在,它会创建
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
hello world
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.write /root/hehe 123 234
minion:
Wrote 2 lines to "/root/hehe"
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
123
234
[root@master ~]# salt 'minion' file.write /root/hehe 1
minion:
Wrote 1 lines to "/root/hehe"
[root@minion ~]# cat hehe
1