Oracle21c部署安装记录

环境准备

虚拟机环境：OracleLinux-R8-U8-x86_64-dvd.iso
Oracle版本：21c

安装前准备

环境初始化脚本

#/bin/bash
# 设置时区并同步时间
ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
if ! crontab -l |grep ntpdate &>/dev/null ; then
    (echo "* 1 * * * ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1";crontab -l) |crontab
fi

# 禁用selinux
sed -i '/SELINUX/{s/permissive/disabled/}' /etc/selinux/config

# 关闭防火墙
if egrep "7.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld
elif egrep "6.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release &>/dev/null; then
    service iptables stop
    chkconfig iptables off
fi

# 历史命令显示操作时间
if ! grep HISTTIMEFORMAT /etc/bashrc; then
    echo 'export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T `whoami` "' >> /etc/bashrc
fi

# SSH超时时间
if ! grep "TMOUT=600" /etc/profile &>/dev/null; then
    echo "export TMOUT=600" >> /etc/profile
fi

# 禁止root远程登录
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# 禁止定时任务向发送邮件
sed -i 's/^MAILTO=root/MAILTO=""/' /etc/crontab

# 设置最大打开文件数
if ! grep "* soft nofile 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf &>/dev/null; then
    cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF
    * soft nofile 65535
    * hard nofile 65535
EOF
fi

# 系统内核优化
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 20480
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 20480
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 20
EOF

# 减少SWAP使用
echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness

# 安装系统性能分析工具及其他
yum install gcc make autoconf vim sysstat net-tools iostat if

root用户下执行
1.安装组件

yum -y install binutils \
compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ \
glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc.i686 \
ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 \
libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ \
libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel \
libstdc++-devel.i686 compat-libstdc++-33 \
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 libXi libXi.i686 \
libXtst libXtst.i686 make sysstat

2.创建oracle相关目录
创建oracle用户及用户组

groupadd oninstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle                             
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
chown -R oracle.oninstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oninstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle    
    
#/21c需要额外创建
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/21c/db_1    
chown -R oracle:oninstall /u01/app/oracle/product/

3.配置全局环境变量

vi /etc/profile

export JAVA_HOME=/data/jdk 
export OGG_HOME=/data/ogg ##若安装ogg则配置该项，否则可忽略
export EDITOR=vi
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/21c/db_1
export INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin

4.添加/etc/security/limits.conf

oracle   soft   nofile    1024
oracle   hard   nofile    65536
oracle   soft   nproc    16384
oracle   hard   nproc    16384

进行图形化安装界面

#该次使用mobexterm进行图形化安装
su - oracle
export DISPLAY=192.168.59.1:0.0 #该处要根据实际情况设置 具体看如图所示配置

cd $ORACLE_HOME
./runInstaller

下一步

切换root用户运行提示路径的脚本后 数据库安装完成

创建数据库实例或者创建可插拔数据库

su - oracle
#直接运行dbca
dbca