基于dom4j生成与解析XML,超详细

1. 依赖

1.1.基于dom4j生成与解析XML
1.2.jar包坐标

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.dom4j/dom4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.dom4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
        </dependency>

2.详细代码附带详细的注释

package com.zyp.test.xml;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.dom4j.*;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * @author syl
 * @description 基于dom4j解析和生成xml文件
 * @since 2021/11/27
 */
@Slf4j
public class Dom4jXmlTest {

    /**
     * 生成xml
     */
    @Test
    public void createXml(){
        Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
        //生成根节点 root为标签名,name,id 为标签属性
        Element root = document.addElement("root")
                .addAttribute("name", "根节点")
                .addAttribute("id", "0");
        //设置标签值
        root.setText("根节点");
        //设置注释
        root.addComment("根节点");
        //生成一级节点1
        Element root1 = root.addElement("root1")
                .addAttribute("name", "一级节点1")
                .addAttribute("id", "01");
        root1.setText("一级节点1");
        //生成一级节点2
        Element root2 = root.addElement("root2")
                .addAttribute("name", "一级节点2")
                .addAttribute("id", "02");
        root2.setText("一级节点2");
        //生成一级节点3
        Element root3 = root.addElement("root3")
                .addAttribute("name", "一级节点3")
                .addAttribute("id", "03");
        //生成二级节点31
        Element root31 = root3.addElement("root31")
                .addAttribute("name", "二级节点31")
                .addAttribute("id", "031");
        //生成二级节点32
        Element root32 = root3.addElement("root32")
                .addAttribute("name", "二级节点32")
                .addAttribute("id", "032");
        //设置xml文件格式
        OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
        //指定xml的编码，防止乱码,默认是"UTF-8"
        format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 行缩进
        format.setIndentSize(2);
        // 一个结点为一行
        format.setNewlines(true);
        // 去重空格
        format.setTrimText(true);
        // 放置xml文件中第二行为空白,默认true
        format.setNewLineAfterDeclaration(false);
        //是否使用XHTML标准,默认不采用
        format.setXHTML(true);
        //是否用空格填充字符串元素边界，默认否
        format.setPadText(true);
        //指定生成到指定文件,内容直接覆盖
        File file=new File("H:\\test.xml");
        XMLWriter writer= null;
        try {
            writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file),format);
            //设置是否转义，默认转义
            writer.setEscapeText(false);
            writer.write(document);
            writer.close();
            log.info("生成xml成功!");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("生成xml失败!");
        }

    }

    /**
     * Element 标签
     * Attribute 标签属性
     * 解析xml
     */
    @Test
    public void parseXml(){
        SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();
        Document document = null;
        try {
            document = reader.read(new File("H:\\test.xml"));
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            log.error("解析xml文件失败");
        }
        //获取根节点
        Element root = document.getRootElement();
        //接收标签列表
        Iterator<Element> elements;
        //接收标签
        Element element;
        //接收标签属性列表
        Iterator<Attribute> attribute;
        log.info("一级标签值为:"+root.getTextTrim()+"\n一级标签名为:"+root.getName());
        //获取一级标签所有的属性
        Iterator<Attribute> attributes = root.attributeIterator();
        while (attributes.hasNext()){
            log.info("一级标签属性名:{},属性值:{}",attributes.next().getName(),attributes.next().getValue());
        }
        //获取一级标签下面的所有的二级标签
        elements= root.elementIterator();
        while (elements.hasNext()){
            element = elements.next();
            log.info("二级标签值为:"+ element.getTextTrim()+"\n二级标签名为:"+ element.getName());
            attribute = element.attributeIterator();
            while (attribute.hasNext()){
                log.info("二级标签属性名:{},属性值:{}", attribute.next().getName(), attribute.next().getValue());
            }
        }
        //获取指定标签下面所有的标签
        elements = root.element("root3").elementIterator();
        while (elements.hasNext()){
            element= elements.next();
            log.info("三级标签名:{},三级标签值:{}",element.getTextTrim(), element.getName());
            attribute = element.attributeIterator();
            while (attribute.hasNext()){
                log.info("三级标签属性名:{},属性值:{}", attribute.next().getName(), attribute.next().getValue());
            }
        }
        log.info("解析xml文件成功");

    }
}