蓝桥杯备赛（九）— 输入输出调试

输入格式

1. 一行一个变量

n = int(input())

2. 一行确定个变量

a, b, c = map(int, input().split())

3. 一行未知个变量

arr = list(map(int, input().split()))
# 或者
arr = [int(i) for i in input().split()]

4. 二维数组的输入

n = int(input())
arr = []
for i in range(n):
    arr.append(list(map(int, input().split())))

5. 未明确说明终止的输入

import sys
for n in sys.stdin:
    if n == '\n':
        break
    print(n)

输出格式

1. 四舍五入保留两位小数

import math
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 3.14159
    print("{:.2f}".format(math.pi))  # 3.14
    print("{:.3f}".format(math.pi))  # 3.142
    print(round(math.pi, 2))         # 3.14
    print(round(math.pi, 3))         # 3.142
    print('%.2f' % math.pi)          # 3.14
    print('%.3f' % math.pi)          # 3.142

2. 仅保留两位小数，无需四舍五入

import math
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 3.14159
    s = str(math.pi).split('.')
    print(s[0] + '.' + s[1][:3])  # 3.141

3. 百分比格式输出

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print('percent: {:.0%}'.format(0.3141592653589793))  # 31%
    print('percent: {:.0%}'.format(0.2718281828459045))  # 27%
    
    print('percent: {:.1%}'.format(0.3141592653589793))  # 31.4%
    print('percent: {:.1%}'.format(0.2718281828459045))  # 27.2%
    
    print('percent: {:.0f}%'.format(0.3141592653589793 * 100))  # 31%
    print('percent: {:.0f}%'.format(0.2718281828459045 * 100))  # 27%
    
    print('percent: {:.1f}%'.format(0.3141592653589793 * 100))  # 31.4%
    print('percent: {:.1f}%'.format(0.2718281828459045 * 100))  # 27.2%

    # 27.18%, 31.4%
    print('{1:.2f}%, {0:.1%}'.format(0.3141592653589793, 0.2718281828459045 * 100))

IDLE调试方法

def dfs(n):
    if n == 0 or n == 1:
        return n
    return dfs(n - 1) + dfs(n - 2)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    for i in range(1, 11):
        print('f({}) = {}'.format(i, dfs(i)))

1. 在.py文件中，设置断点(清除断点)。

右键+Set Breakpoint

右键+Clear Breakpoint

2. 打开调式界面

$shell\to Debug\to Debugger$

3. 运行.py文件

快捷键：F5

4. 一些名词解释

Go 跳到断点处

Step 进入函数

Over 单步执行

Out 跳出函数

Quit 结束调试