在工作中经常会遇到在没有网的环境下安装mysql,本文对 linux下离线安装mysql进行了系统的整理。
步骤一:上传mysql压缩包
**将mysql安装包上传到/usr/local/下并解压**
\# cd /usr/local
\# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
将解压后的 mysql 的 tar 包更改名称为 mysql
\# mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
步骤二:查看系统自带的 Mariadb 并卸载
\# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
\# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64(根据实际情况复制rpm 包)
删除**/etc** 目录下的 my.cnf**(有就删除)**
# rm /etc/my.cnf
检查 mysql 是否存在
# rpm -qa |grep mysql
步骤三:检查 mysql 的组和用户是否存在,如无则创建
检查用户和组:
# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
创建用户和组:# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql
# passwd mysql (输入密码密码设置成 123456)
步骤四:将解压后的 mysql 的安装包更改用户和组为 mysql
# cd /usr/local
# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
在 mysql 文件夹下创建 data 目录,并修改用户和组的权限都为 mysql
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# mkdir data
# chown -R mysql:mysql data
步骤五:创建 my.cnf 文件
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# vim my.conf
[mysql]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# set mysql client default
chararterdefault-character-set=utf8[mysqld]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# set mysql server port
port = 3308 #默认是 3306,这里发现 3306 已经被占用,因此防止这种情况发生,可以避免使用 3306mysql 默认端口
\# set mysql install base dir
basedir=/usr/local/mysql# set the data store dir
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data# set the number of allow max connnection
max_connections=200# set server charactre default encoding
character-set-server=utf8# the storage
enginedefault-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysqsl my.cnf
# chmod 777 my.conf
步骤六进入 mysql 文件夹,安装 mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
步骤七:配置环境变量
# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
#source /etc/profile
步骤八:启动 mysql
# service mysqld start (忽略警告)
查看状态:
# service mysqld status
步骤九:登录 mysql 并设置基础环境
获取 mysql 初始密码:
#cat /root/.mysql_secret
登录:# mysql -u root -p (输入刚才查出的密码)
更改密码:
mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456’);
刷新保存设置:
mysql> flush privileges;
设置 root 用户的远程登录:
mysql>grant all on . to root@‘%’ identified by ‘123456’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
mysql> delete from user where user=‘root’ and host=‘localhost’;
mysql> select user,host from user;
mysql> flush privileges;
步骤 10**:重启** mysql
步骤七:配置环境变量
# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
#source /etc/profile
步骤八:启动 mysql
# service mysqld start (忽略警告)
查看状态:
# service mysqld status
步骤九:登录 mysql 并设置基础环境
获取 mysql 初始密码:
#cat /root/.mysql_secret
登录:# mysql -u root -p (输入刚才查出的密码)
更改密码:
mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456’);
刷新保存设置:
mysql> flush privileges;
设置 root 用户的远程登录:
mysql>grant all on . to root@‘%’ identified by ‘123456’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
mysql> delete from user where user=‘root’ and host=‘localhost’;
mysql> select user,host from user;
mysql> flush privileges;
步骤 10**:重启** mysql
# service mysqld restart