java输入、输出流知识总结

一、内容简介：

1. File类
2. 文件字节输入输出流
3. 文件字符输入输出流
4. 缓冲流
5. 随机流
6. 数组流
7. 数据流
8. 对象流
9. 序列化与对象克隆
10. 使用Scanner解析文件
11. 文件锁

二、输入输出流基础

1.File类

知识点

1. 创建File类的构造方法：
   1. File（String Filename);
   2. File(String directoryPath,String filename)
   3. File(File dir,String filename)
2. File类的常用方法
   1. public String getName():获取文件名字
   2. public boolean canRead()：判断文件是否可读
   3. public boolean canWrite()：判断文件是否可被写入
   4. public boolean exists()：判断文件是否存在
   5. public long length()：获取文件长度
   6. public String getAbsolutePath()：获取文件的绝对路径
   7. public String getParent()：获取文件的父目录
   8. public boolean isFile()：判断是否是一个文件
   9. public boolean isDirectory()：判断是否是一个目录
   10. public boolean isHidden()：判断文件是否是隐藏文件
   11. public long lastModified() ：获取文件最后修改时间（毫秒数）

代码

package edu.moth12;

import java.io.File;

public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("D:\\java");
        getAllFile(file);
    }
     public static void getAllFile(File dir){
        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
         for (File f:
              files) {
             if(f.isDirectory())getAllFile(f);
             else{
                 String s = f.toString();
                 boolean b = s.endsWith(".java");
                 if(b) System.out.println(f);
             }
         }
     }
}

• 运行结果：
  

2. 文件字节输入输出流

知识点

代码

• 代码

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class FileInput_Stream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int n = -1;
        byte [] a = new byte[100];
        try{
            File f = new File("D:\\data.txt");
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(f);
            while((n = in.read(a,0,100)) != -1){
                String s = new String(a,0,n);
                System.out.print(s);
            }
            in.close();
        }catch(IOException e){
            System.out.println("File read error" + e);
        }
    }
}

• 运行结果
  

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class FileOutput_Stream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        byte [] a = "新年快乐".getBytes();
        byte [] b = "Happy new year".getBytes();
        File file = new File("data.txt");
        try{
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
            System.out.println(file.getName()+"的大小:"+file.length()+"字节");

            out.write(a);
            out.close();
            out = new FileOutputStream(file,true);
            System.out.println(file.getName()+"的大小："+file.length()+"字节");

            out.write(b,0,b.length);
            System.out.println(file.getName()+"的大小："+file.length()+"字节");

            out.close();
        }catch (IOException e){
            System.out.println("Error:"+e);
        }
    }
}

• 运行结果
  

3. 文件字符输入、输出流

知识点

代码

• 代码

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.*;

public class FileReader_Writer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File sourceFile = new File("D:\\a.txt");
        File targetFile = new File("D:\\b.txt");
        char c[] = new char[19];
        try {
            Writer out = new FileWriter(targetFile, true);
            Reader in = new FileReader(sourceFile);
            int n = -1;
            while ((n = in.read(c)) != -1) {
                out.write(c, 0, n);
            }
            out.flush();
            out.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error:" + e);
        }

    }
}

• 运行结果
  

4. 缓冲流

知识点

代码

• 代码

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Buffered_Reader {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File fRead = new File("D:\\a.txt");
        File fWrite = new File("D:\\b.txt");
        try{
            Writer out = new FileWriter(fWrite);
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(out);
            Reader in = new FileReader(fRead);
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
            String str = null;
            while((str = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
                StringTokenizer fenxi = new StringTokenizer(str);
                int count = fenxi.countTokens();
                str = str+"句子中的单词个数："+count;
                bufferedWriter.write(str);
                bufferedWriter.newLine();
            }
            bufferedWriter.close();
            out.close();
            in = new FileReader(fWrite);
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
            String s = null;
            System.out.println(fWrite.getName()+"内容：");
            while ((s = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
                System.out.println(s);
            }
            bufferedReader.close();
            in.close();
        }catch (IOException e){
            System.out.println(e.toString());
        }
    }
}

• 运行结果
  

5. 随机流

知识点

代码

• 代码

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

public class Random_01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RandomAccessFile inAndOut = null;
        int data[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
        try {
            inAndOut = new RandomAccessFile("D:\\a.txt","rw");
            for (int i = data.length; i >= 0; i--) {
                inAndOut.seek(i*4);
                System.out.printf("\t%d",inAndOut.readInt());
            }
            inAndOut.close();
        }catch (IOException e){

        }
    }
}

6. 数组流

知识点

代码

• 代码

package edu.moth12.In_OutStream;

import java.io.*;

public class ByteArrayOutput_Stream {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try{
            ByteArrayOutputStream outByte = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            byte [] byteContent = "mid-autumn festival ".getBytes();
            outByte.write(byteContent);
            ByteArrayInputStream inByte = new ByteArrayInputStream(outByte.toByteArray());
            byte backByte [] = new byte[outByte.toByteArray().length];
            inByte.read(backByte);
            System.out.println(new String(backByte));
            CharArrayWriter outChar = new CharArrayWriter();
            char [] charContent = "中秋快乐".toCharArray();
            outChar.write(charContent);
            CharArrayReader inChar = new CharArrayReader(outChar.toCharArray());
            char backChar [] = new char[outChar.toCharArray().length];
            inChar.read(backChar);
            System.out.println(new String(backChar));
        }catch (IOException e){

        }
    }
}

• 运行结果

7. 数据流

知识点

代码

• 代码
• 运行结果

8.对象流

知识点

代码

• 代码
• 运行结果

9. 序列化与克隆对象

知识点

代码

• 代码
• 运行结果

10. 使用Scanner解析文本

知识点

代码

• 代码
• 运行结果

11. 文件锁

知识点

代码

• 代码
• 运行结果