javaweb:网页登录案例(用户名密码+验证码)

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-05 11:25:59 发布

杰杰杰.

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-05 11:25:59 发布

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分类专栏： javaweb 文章标签：登录验证 servlet 验证码 HttpServletRequest HttpServletResponse

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46617156/article/details/121477689

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实现用户登录验证功能：
（1）登录页面包含用户名、密码、验证码功能。
（2）用户提交后由 servlet 处理；如果验证成功进入欢迎页面；否则跳转至登录页面，并给出提示错误！
（3）验证码功能由单独的 servlet 实现。

完整代码如下：

1、login.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: manchi520
  Date: 2021/11/21
  Time: 20:05
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>login</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="/loginServlet" method="post">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>用户名</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
            <td style="color: red"><%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_error") %></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>密码</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="password"></td>
            <td style="color: red"><%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_error") %></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>验证码</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="inputCode"></td>
            <td style="color: red"><%=request.getAttribute("cc_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("cc_error") %></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2"><img id="img" src="/checkCodeServlet" alt=""></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="submit" value="登录"></td>
            <td><input type="button" value="注册" onclick="reg()" ></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>

<%--<div><%=request.getAttribute("cc_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("cc_error")%></div>--%>
<%--<div><%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ? "" : request.getAttribute("login_error") %></div>--%>

</body>
</html>

2、checkCodeServlet

package servlet;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public  class checkCodeServlet extends HttpServlet{
    //产生随机的字体
    private Font getFont(){
        //创建random对象，用于生成随机数
        Random random = new Random();
        //创建字体数组，用于封装不同字体的Font对象
        Font font[] = new Font[5];
        font[0] = new Font("Ravie", Font.PLAIN, 24);
        font[1] = new Font("Antique Olive Compact", Font.PLAIN, 24);
        font[2] = new Font("Forte", Font.PLAIN, 24);
        font[3] = new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 24);
        font[4] = new Font("Gill Sans Ultra Bold", Font.PLAIN, 24);
        return font[random.nextInt(5)];
    }
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        int width = 83, height = 30;
        //建立指定宽、高和BufferedImage对象
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//将画笔绘制于image上
        Color c= g.getColor();//保存当前画笔的颜色
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//填充矩形
        char[] ch = "abcdefghigklmnopqrstuvwxyz2345678901".toCharArray();//随机产生字符串
        int length = ch.length;//随机字符串长度
        String sRand = "";//保存随机产生的字符串
        Random random = new Random();
        for (int i=0; i<4; i++){
            g.setFont(getFont());//设置字体
            String rand = new Character(ch[random.nextInt(length)]).toString();//随机生成0~9的数字
            sRand += rand;
            //设置随机颜色
            g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255)));
            g.drawString(rand, 20*i+6, 25);
        }
        request.getSession().setAttribute("check_code",sRand);
        //保存生成的验证码到session中
        //产生随机干扰点
        for(int i=0; i<20; i++){
            int x1 = random.nextInt(width);
            int y1 = random.nextInt(height);
            g.drawOval(x1, y1, 2, 2);
        }
        g.setColor(c);//重置画笔颜色
        g.dispose();//释放此图形的上下文及使用的所有系统资源
        request.getSession().setAttribute("check_code", sRand);//验证码记录到session
        ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);//输出图像到页面
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

3、loginServlet

package servlet;

import jakarta.servlet.*;
import jakarta.servlet.http.*;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.*;
import myBean.User;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class loginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		// 1.获取参数
        String user=request.getParameter("username");
        String password=request.getParameter("password");
        String inputCode=request.getParameter("inputCode");
        // 2.获取生成的验证码
        String login_code=(String) request.getSession().getAttribute("check_code");
        request.getSession().removeAttribute("check_code");
        // 3.比较验证码
        if(login_code.equalsIgnoreCase(inputCode)==true){
            //验证码正确
            //比较用户名是否正确
            if(user.equals("huangjie")&&password.equals("123456")){
                //用户信息正确
                //存储信息，用户信息
                request.getSession().setAttribute("name",user);
                //用于测试的输出语句
                System.out.println("1111111111111111");
                //response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
                request.getRequestDispatcher("success.jsp").forward(request,response);
            }
            else {
                //用户信息错误
                //用于测试的输出语句
                //System.out.println("22222222222");
                request.setAttribute("login_error","用户名或密码错误");
                request.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(request,response);
            }
        }
        else {
            //验证码错误
            //用于测试的输出语句
            System.out.println("33333333333");
            request.setAttribute("cc_error","验证码错误");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

4、success.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: manchi520
  Date: 2021/11/21
  Time: 20:16
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>success</title>
</head>
<body>

<%
    String username = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("name").toString();
%>

<h1>hello，<%=username%> 欢迎回来！</h1>

</body>
</html>