java 命令行应用

例如写一个排班管理系统

首先创建一个Scanner，从System.in读入

然后写一个命令行解析方法，将scanner传给它
先打印">>>"，等待用户输入
读一个新行，获得字符串，用一个新的Scanner解析它，
根据输入的第一个参数解析命令，调用对应的命令的方法，将scanner传给具体命令方法

private static int commander(Scanner scanner,
                                 Set<Employee> employees,
                                 DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        String buf;
        String command;
        Scanner parseLine;
        if(method == 0) {
            System.out.print(">>>");
        }
        buf = scanner.nextLine();
        //System.out.println(buf);
        parseLine = new Scanner(buf).useDelimiter("[:,]");
        if (parseLine.hasNext()){
            command = parseLine.next();
            switch (command){
                case "help":{
                    help(parseLine);
                    break;
                }
                case "add":{
                    add(parseLine, employees);
                    break;
                }
                case "rm":{
                    rm(parseLine, employees, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }
                case "del":{
                    del(parseLine, employees, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }
                case "insert":{
                    insert(parseLine, employees, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }
                case "auto":{
                    auto(parseLine, employees, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }

                case "full":{
                    full(parseLine, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }

                case "clear":{
                    clear(parseLine, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }
                case "view":{
                    view(parseLine, intervalSet);
                    break;
                }
                case "quit":{
                    return -1;
                }
                default:{
                    System.out.println("   Invalid command!\nInput \"help\" to get prompt message");
                }
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

如果命令是quit，返回-1，表示退出，其他命令返回0，表示继续输入
具体的命令方法如下：

/**
     * command rm
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param employees the employee set
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void rm(Scanner scanner,
                           Set<Employee> employees,
                           DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        String name;
        if(scanner.hasNext())
            name = scanner.next();
        else {
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }

        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        Employee employeePoint = null;
        for(Employee employee:employees){
            if (employee.getName().equals(name)){
                employeePoint = employee;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(employeePoint == null){
            System.out.println("   " + name + " is not exist!");
            return;
        }
        else if(intervalSet.labels().contains(employeePoint)){
            System.out.println("   " + name + " has already been arranged!");
            System.out.println("   Please use the command del to clear the arrange information of " + name);
            return;
        }
        employees.remove(employeePoint);
    }

    /**
     * command del
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param employees the employee set
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void del(Scanner scanner,
                            Set<Employee> employees,
                            DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        String name;
        if(scanner.hasNext())
            name = scanner.next();
        else {
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        Employee employeePoint = null;
        for(Employee employee:employees){
            if (employee.getName().equals(name)){
                employeePoint = employee;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(employeePoint == null){
            System.out.println("   " + name + " is not exist!");
            return;
        }
        intervalSet.remove(employeePoint);
    }

    /**
     * command insert
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param employees the employee set
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void insert(Scanner scanner,
                               Set<Employee> employees,
                               DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        String name;
        long start;
        long end;
        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        Date date;
        if(scanner.hasNext())
            name = scanner.next();
        else {
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            try {
                date = df.parse(scanner.next());
                start = date.getTime() / 1000 / 86400 + 1;
            }
            catch (ParseException e){
                System.out.println("   Wrong Date Format!");
                return;
            }
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            try {
                date = df.parse(scanner.next());
                end = date.getTime() / 1000 / 86400 + 1;
            }
            catch (ParseException e){
                System.out.println("   Wrong Date Format!");
                return;
            }
        }
        else {
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        Employee employeePoint = null;
        for(Employee employee:employees){
            if (employee.getName().equals(name)){
                employeePoint = employee;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(employeePoint == null){
            System.out.println("   " + name + " is not exist!");
            System.out.println("   Please use \"add\" command to add an employee first!");
            return;
        }
        if(start < intervalSet.getStartTime() || start > intervalSet.getEndTime() ||
                end < intervalSet.getStartTime() || end > intervalSet.getEndTime()){
            System.out.println("   Date out of boundary!");
        }
        intervalSet.insert(start, end, employeePoint);
    }

    /**
     * command auto
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param employees the employee set
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void auto(Scanner scanner,
                             Set<Employee> employees,
                             DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        intervalSet.clear();
        long num = employees.size();
        long startTime = intervalSet.getStartTime();
        long endTime = intervalSet.getEndTime();
        long div = (endTime - startTime + 1) / num;
        long i = 0;
        for(Employee employee:employees){
            i++;
            if(i < num){
                intervalSet.insert(startTime + (i - 1) * div, startTime + i * div - 1, employee);
            }
            else
                intervalSet.insert(startTime + (i - 1) * div, endTime, employee);
        }
    }

    /**
     * command full
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void full(Scanner scanner,
                             DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        if(Math.abs(new APIs<Employee>().calcFreeTimeRatio(intervalSet,
                intervalSet.getStartTime(), intervalSet.getEndTime())) < 0.001){
            System.out.println("   Duty table is already full");
            return;
        }

        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");

        for(long i = intervalSet.getStartTime(); i <= intervalSet.getEndTime(); i++){
            if (intervalSet.getLabel(i).size() == 0) {
                date.setTime(i * 1000 * 86400);
                System.out.println("   " + df.format(date));
            }
        }

        System.out.printf("   Free time ratio: %.2f\n",
                new APIs<Employee>().calcFreeTimeRatio(intervalSet,
                        intervalSet.getStartTime(), intervalSet.getEndTime()));
    }

    /**
     * command clear
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void clear(Scanner scanner,
                           DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        intervalSet.clear();
        System.out.println("   Table has been cleared");
    }

    /**
     * command view
     * @param scanner the input flow
     * @param intervalSet the interval set
     */
    private static void view(Scanner scanner, DutyIntervalSet<Employee> intervalSet){
        if(scanner.hasNext()){
            System.out.println("   Invalid command!\n   Input \"help\" to get prompt message");
            return;
        }
        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        long startTime = intervalSet.getStartTime();
        long endTime = intervalSet.getEndTime();
        System.out.println("   Date\tName\tDuty\tphone");
        for(long i = startTime; i <= endTime; i++){
            Employee employee = intervalSet.getLabelL(i);
            date.setTime(i * 1000 * 86400);

            if (employee != null){
                System.out.print("   " + df.format(date) + "\t" +
                        employee.getName() + "\t" +
                        employee.getDuty() + "\t" +
                        employee.getPhone() + "\n");
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("   " + df.format(date) + "\t\t\t");
            }
        }
    }

如果命令有错，输出提示信息并返回，等待下一条输入

效果：