12-factor applications——十二因素方法

十二要素
一、代码库
在修订控制中跟踪一个代码库，许多部署
二、依赖项
显式声明和隔离依赖项
三、配置
在环境中存储配置
四。支持服务
将支持服务视为附加资源
五、构建、发布、运行
严格分离构建和运行阶段
六、流程
将应用程序作为一个或多个无状态进程执行
七。端口绑定
通过端口绑定导出服务
八。并发
通过流程模型向外扩展
九。可处置性
通过快速启动和正常关闭最大限度地提高鲁棒性
X. 开发/产品平价
保持开发、登台和生产尽可能相似
十一。日志
将日志视为事件流
十二。管理流程
将管理/管理任务作为一次性流程运行
The Twelve Factors
I. Codebase
One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys
II. Dependencies
Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies
III. Config
Store config in the environment
IV. Backing services
Treat backing services as attached resources
V. Build, release, run
Strictly separate build and run stages
VI. Processes
Execute the app as one or more stateless processes
VII. Port binding
Export services via port binding
VIII. Concurrency
Scale out via the process model
IX. Disposability
Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown
X. Dev/prod parity
Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible
XI. Logs
Treat logs as event streams
XII. Admin processes
Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes