Java设计模式全集-备忘录模式(Memento)

备忘录模式(Memento)

所谓的备忘录，顾名思义，可以用来备份的东西，比如游戏的存档，数据库的快照等等，就是对某一项内容进行数据备份，在必要时可以通过这个备份进行数据的恢复或者回退，将数据恢复或者回退到备份前的状态
简单来说，以前有些游戏，需要到存盘点才可以存盘，这时候你没有存盘，跑去打BOSS，结果又没打赢，死了。这时候读取的存档，就是一份备忘录

• Java的序列化接口

要实现java的默认序列化与反序列化，则必须实现Serializable接口，建议添加serialVersionUID，且生成后不要修改

1. 实现序列化与反序列化

• 实现序列化接口

/**
 * @author Xiaoyingge
 * @description
 * @date 2020/5/18 23:55
 */
public class Person implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1121922134355937096L;

    private String name;

    private int age;

    public String getName () {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName (String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge () {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge (int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

• 测试写入文件中再反序列化读取

/**
 * @author Xiaoyingge
 * @description
 * @date 2020/5/18 23:57
 */
public class Main {

    private static final String FILE_PATH = "d:/test.ini";

    public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setName("小萤哥");
        person.setAge(18);

        serial(person);
        Person person2 = readFromFile();
        System.out.println(person2.getName() + person2.getAge());

    }

    private static void serial (Person person) throws Exception {
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(FILE_PATH));
        oos.writeObject(person);
        oos.close();
    }

    private static Person readFromFile () throws Exception {
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(FILE_PATH));
        return (Person) ois.readObject();
    }
}

• 运行结果，读取文件中的字符成功
  

2.再测试下生成文件后，修改serialVersionUID

• 先修改serialVersionUID，将第二位改成9

/**
 * @author Xiaoyingge
 * @description
 * @date 2020/5/18 23:55
 */
public class Person implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1921922134355937096L;

    private String name;

    private int age;

    public String getName () {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName (String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge () {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge (int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

• 直接执行读取逻辑
  
• 抛出如下异常：

Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: com.xiaoyingge.memento.Person; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = -1121922134355937096, local class serialVersionUID = -1921922134355937096
	at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:699)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1885)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1751)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:2042)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1573)
	at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:431)
	at com.xiaoyingge.memento.Main.readFromFile(Main.java:36)
	at com.xiaoyingge.memento.Main.main(Main.java:23)

因此千万不要在已经生成serialVersionUID之后 ，再去修改它哦