会话技术Session

1.Session的概念

• Session是依赖于Cookie的，
• 每次请求时，会将特殊标识带到服务器端，根据这个标识来找到对应的内存空间，从而实现数据共享!是Servlet规范中四大域对象之一的会话域对象。
• 作用:是Servlet规范中四大域对象之一的会话域对象。可以实现数据共享
  

2.Session设置共享数据

//Session的基本使用
@WebServlet("/ServletDemo1")
public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置请求字符编码,防止乱码
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        //设置浏览器响应编码[html类型的文本,字符集为utf-8]
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //1.获取请求的用户名
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        //2.获取HttpSession的对象
        HttpSession session = req.getSession(true);//默认为true,表示没有session则自动创建
        //[验证是否为同一Session]
        System.out.println(session);
        System.out.println(session.getId());
        //3.将用户名信息添加到共享数据中
        session.setAttribute("username",username);

        //2.解决Cookie禁用方法2：重写url"<a href='"+resp.encodeURL("http://localhost:8080/Session/ServletDemo3")+"'>go servletDemo1</a>"
       // resp.getWriter().write("<a href='"+resp.encodeURL("http://localhost:8080/Session/ServletDemo3")+"'>go servletDemoO</a>");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

3.Session获取共享数据

//Session获取共享数据[同一个session]
@WebServlet("/ServletDemo2")
public class ServletDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置浏览器响应编码[html类型的文本,字符集为utf-8]
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //1.获取HttpSession对象
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //[验证是否为同一Session]
        System.out.println(session);
        System.out.println(session.getId());
        //2.获取共享数据
        String username = (String) session.getAttribute("username");
        //3.将响应数据给浏览器
        resp.getWriter().write(username);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

4.Cookie的禁用解决方法

//Cookie的禁用
@WebServlet("/ServletDemo3")
public class ServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.解决方法1：提示
        HttpSession session = req.getSession(false);
        System.out.println(session);
        if (session==null){
            resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
            resp.getWriter().write("为了不影响使用，请不要禁用浏览器的Cookie");
        }
        //2.解决方法2：重写url"<a 【需到第一个界面重写】href='"+resp.encodeURL("http://localhost:8080/Session/ServletDemo3")+"'>go servletDemo1</a>"
       // resp.getWriter().write("<a href='"+resp.encodeURL("http://localhost:8080/Session/ServletDemo3")+"'>go servletDemoO</a>");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}