一些 shell 命令的C语言简要实现

uname 打印系统信息

系统命令

$ uname 
Linux

c 语言实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    struct utsname name;
    if (uname(&name) < 0) {
        perror("uname error");
        return -1;
    }
    printf("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
            name.sysname, name.nodename, name.release, 
            name.version, name.machine);
    return 0;
}

whoami 打印用户名

系统命令

$ whoami
yourname

c 语言实现

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    struct passwd *pw;
    uid_t uid;
    uid_t NO_UID = -1;

    /* return the effective user ID of the calling process */
    uid = geteuid();    
    if (uid == NO_UID && errno) {
        perror("geteuid error");
        return -1;
    }

    /* return the pointer of the password database that matches the uid */
    pw = getpwuid(uid); 
    if (!pw) {
        perror("getpwuid error");
        return -1;
    }
    puts(pw->pw_name);

    return 0;
}

echo 打印字符串

打印一个字符串列表到标准输出
系统命令

$ echo hello world!
hello world!

c 语言实现

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int i;
    int display_return = 1;
    int do_v9 = 0;
    argc--;
    argv++;

    while (argc > 0 && *argv[0] == '-') {
        const char *temp = argv[0] + 1;
        size_t i;

        for (i = 0; temp[i]; ++i) {
            switch (temp[i])
            {
            case 'e': case 'E': case 'n':
                break;
            default:
                goto just_echo;
            }
        }

        if (i == 0)
            goto just_echo;

        while(*temp)
            switch (*temp++)
            {
            case 'e':
                do_v9 = 1;  /* 转义反斜杠 */
                break;
            case 'E':   /* 不转义，默认情况*/
                do_v9 = 0;
                break;
            case 'n':
                display_return = 0;
                break;
            }
        argc--;
        argv++;
    }

just_echo:
    while(argc > 0) {
        fputs(argv[0], stdout);
        argc--;
        argv++;
        if (argc > 0)
            putchar(' ');
    }

    if (display_return)
        putchar('\n');

    return 0;
}