Mybaits的环境搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-29 11:28:24 发布

m0_47734729

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-29 11:28:24 发布

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分类专栏： mybatis 文章标签： mybatis

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第一个Mybaits的程序,基于该程序实现对数据库的增删改查

1 环境的搭建

在这里插入图片描述新建一个Maven项目,将mybatis导入进去

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
 </dependencies>

为防止资源导出失败

 <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

从 XML 中构建 SqlSessionFactory

每个基于 MyBatis 的应用都是以一个 SqlSessionFactory 的实例为核心的。SqlSessionFactory 的实例可以通过 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 获得。而 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder 则可以从 XML 配置文件或一个预先配置的 Configuration 实例来构建出 SqlSessionFactory 实例。

从 XML 文件中构建 SqlSessionFactory 的实例非常简单，建议使用类路径下的资源文件进行配置。但也可以使用任意的输入流（InputStream）实例，比如用文件路径字符串或 file:// URL 构造的输入流。MyBatis 包含一个名叫 Resources 的工具类，它包含一些实用方法，使得从类路径或其它位置加载资源文件更加容易。

String resource = "org/mybatis/example/mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);

XML 配置文件中包含了对 MyBatis 系统的核心设置，包括获取数据库连接实例的数据源（DataSource）以及决定事务作用域和控制方式的事务管理器（TransactionManager）。后面会再探讨 XML 配置文件的详细内容，这里先给出一个简单的示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <environments default="development">
    <environment id="development">
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
  <mappers>
    <mapper resource="org/mybatis/example/BlogMapper.xml"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

当然，还有很多可以在 XML 文件中配置的选项，上面的示例仅罗列了最关键的部分。注意 XML 头部的声明，它用来验证 XML 文档的正确性。environment 元素体中包含了事务管理和连接池的配置。mappers 元素则包含了一组映射器（mapper），这些映射器的 XML 映射文件包含了 SQL 代码和映射定义信息。

创建数据库

create database mybatis;

use `mybatis`

create table `user`(
`id` int(20) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, 
`pwd` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, 
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) 
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

然后插入自己的数据

根据以上官方文档
在resource资源目录下创建 mybaits-config.xml 并配置好自己的数据库连接信息
在这里插入图片描述

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>


</configuration>`

创建流程参考官方文档

创建一个持久层接口 UserMapper 等价于以前创建的UserDao 在其中定义了增删改查方法

package com.lx.dao;

import com.lx.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface UserMapper {
   
  

}

创建一个User的实体类但不需要让它实现UserMapper的接口

package com.lx.pojo;


public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String password) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.password = password;
    }


    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

然后在持久层中创建Usermapper.xml 映射配置文件
mapper 的namespace绑定了一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口,在这里绑定了UserMapper接口

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.lx.dao.UserMapper">


</mapper>

编写Mybatis的核心配置文件引入UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>


    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com\lx\dao\UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>


</configuration>

编写Mybatis的工具类,从 SqlSessionFactory 中获取 SqlSession

可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。你可以通过 SqlSession 实例来直接执行已映射的 SQL 语句

sqlSession其实等价于JDBC中的statment

package com.lx.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static{
        //使用Mybatis第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
    }

    //有了SqlSessionFactory ,可以从中获取SqlSession 的实例
    //SqlSession 在其中包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令的所有方法

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        return sqlSession;
    }



}

创建UserMapper的接口方法

package com.lx.dao;

import com.lx.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public interface UserMapper {

   //查询全部用户信息
   List<User> getUserList();

   //根据id查询用户
   User getUserById(int id);


   //插入一个用户
   int addUser(User user);


   int addUserMap(Map<String,Object> map);

   //修改用户
   int updateUser(User user);

   int deleteUser(int id);

   User getUserByMap(Map<String,Object> map);


}

在UserMapper.xml中添加的对应sql 语句 idea自带提示 seletct update delete inser

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.lx.dao.UserMapper">


    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.lx.pojo.User">
    select * from mybatis.user
  </select>

    <select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.lx.pojo.User">
        select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.lx.pojo.User" >
        insert into mybatis.user (id,name,password) values (#{id},#{name},#{password})
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.lx.pojo.User">
        update mybatis.user set name =#{name},password=#{password}  where id=#{id};
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </delete>


<!--    传递的是map里的key,与之对应的value-->
    <insert id="addUserMap" parameterType="map">
        insert into mybatis.user (id,name,password) values (#{userId},#{userName},#{userPassword})
    </insert>

    <select id="getUserByMap" parameterType="map" resultType="com.lx.pojo.User">
        select *from mybaits.user where id=#{userId} and name =#{userName}
    </select>

</mapper>

创建测试类

package com.lx.dao;

import com.lx.pojo.User;
import com.lx.utils.MybatisUtils;
import com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlDataSource;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){

        //获取sqlSession
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        //1 getMapper
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        //2
//        List<User> list = sqlSession.selectList("com.lx.dao.UserDao.getUserList");
//
//        for (User user : list) {
//            System.out.println(user);
//        }

        //关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();


    }


    @Test
    public void getUserById(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user = mapper.getUserById(1);

        System.out.println(user);

        sqlSession.close();
    }


    //增删改需要提交事务,否则数据库不会插入
    @Test
    public void addUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int i = mapper.addUser(new User(999, "wuxinyu", "cherry918"));

        if (0 != i)
            System.out.println("插入成功");


        //提交事务
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();

    }


    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int i = mapper.updateUser(new User(1, "luxin", "good,good,study"));
        if (0 != i)
            System.out.println("修改成功!");

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }


    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int i = mapper.deleteUser(999);
        if (0 != i)
            System.out.println("删除成功!");

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();


    }

    @Test
    public void addUserMap(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);


        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        map.put("userId",5);
        map.put("userPassword","666");

        int i = mapper.addUserMap(map);

        if (0 != i)
            System.out.println("添加成功!");

        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }



}