获取全国客运火车站的详细信息(包括行政区号，详细到街道！！！）

前言

本文不是爬虫项目，只是日常工作中遇到的一个小需求，其实数据的收集并不难，难得是数据的后期清洗和补充。
本文主要是调取12306和高德地图api和百度地图api获取结果后进行解析，直接看下边的代码

1、获取现有火车站的基本信息

public void b(){
        String url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js";
        String connection = null;
        try {
            connection = HttpClientUtil.doGet(url, null);
            // System.out.println(connection);
            String[] traiNameGroup = connection.split("@");
            for (int i = 0; i < traiNameGroup.length; i++) {
                String[] split = traiNameGroup[i].split("\\|");
                TrainInfo trainInfo = new TrainInfo();
                if (split.length>2){
                    updateMapper.InsertName(split[1]);

                    /*
                    5个字段的插入
                    trainInfo.setBy1(split[0]);
                    trainInfo.setTname(split[1]);
                    trainInfo.setBy2(split[2]);
                    trainInfo.setBy3(split[3]);
                    trainInfo.setBy4(split[4]);
                    trainInfo.setXh(split[5]);
                    updateMapper.insertTrainName(trainInfo);
                     */
                }

            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

因为这里我只需要火车站的名字，所以我只是解析获取的字段，如果你需要别的，也可以自己解析，直接在浏览器中点开链接就可以看到结果
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js

2、根据名字的不同调用百度地图接口api

首先登陆百度地图api网站，登录后进入控制台，选择我的应用，创建web服务应用，这样就可以了，下面的ak，就是你访问的钥匙

这里我们可以看下百度地图的api文档

不理解的可以先看看文档，下面直接代码了，代码中有大量的try…catch保证程序的运行（有许多字段为空。数据残缺），因为只是为了更新字典表，所以本文代码格式有点乱【汗颜】，代码最后的sleep是为了减少并发，否则百度会给你报警，除非你是RMB玩家。代码粘贴复制，记住添加你的ak。

@Component
public class LocationServer {

    @Autowired
    UpdateMapper updateMapper;

    public void a(){
        //读取城市名  上一步的我们直接存入数据库中，打上标志，代表全文件
        List<String> stringList = updateMapper.selectTrainCity();
        
        for (String s : stringList) {           
            String url = "http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search?query=火车站&region="+s+"&extensions_adcode=true&output=json&ak=你的ak";
            String connection = null;
            try {
                connection = HttpClientUtil.doGet(url, null);
                // System.out.println(connection);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //解析json
            JSONObject jsonObject = null;
            try {
                jsonObject = new JSONObject(connection);
                if (jsonObject == null){
                    continue;
                }
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            JSONArray jsonArray = null;
            try {
                jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("results");

            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (jsonArray ==null){
                continue;
            }

            //循环数组
            for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {

                JSONObject jsonObject1 = null;
                try {
                    if (jsonArray == null) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    jsonObject1 = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                try {

                    String name = null;
                    try {
                        name = jsonObject1.getString("name");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String lat = null;
                    try {
                        lat = jsonObject1.getJSONObject("location").getString("lat");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String lng = null;
                    try {
                        lng = jsonObject1.getJSONObject("location").getString("lng");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String address = null;
                    try {
                        address = jsonObject1.getString("address");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String province = null;
                    try {
                        province = jsonObject1.getString("province");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String city = null;
                    try {
                        city = jsonObject1.getString("city");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String area = null;
                    try {
                        area = jsonObject1.getString("area");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String street_id = null;
                    try {
                        street_id = jsonObject1.getString("street_id");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String detail = null;
                    try {
                        detail = jsonObject1.getString("detail");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String uid = null;
                    try {
                        uid = jsonObject1.getString("uid");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    String adcode = null;
                    try {
                        adcode = jsonObject1.getString("adcode");
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    //封装实体
                    TrainDomain trainDomain = new TrainDomain(name, lat, lng, address, province, city, area, street_id, detail, uid, adcode);
                    updateMapper.insertTrainLocation(trainDomain);
                    System.out.println(trainDomain);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            try {
                Thread.sleep(500);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

3、使用高德地图

建议优先使用高德地图，两个api服务互为补充，但是高德明显强大的多。前面注册和百度地图的类似，

public class GdLocationServer {

    @Autowired
    UpdateMapper updateMapper;

    public void a(){
        //查询状态为o的Train-name
        List<String> stringList = updateMapper.selectNameByZt();
        for (String s : stringList) {
            String url = "https://restapi.amap.com/v3/place/text?key=你的key&keywords="+s+"&types=火车站&city=&children=&offset=&page=&extensions=all";
            String connection = null;
            try {
                connection = HttpClientUtil.doGet(url, null);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //解析json
            JSONObject jsonObject = null;
            try {
                jsonObject = new JSONObject(connection);
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (jsonObject == null){
                continue;
            }
            JSONObject pois = null;
            try {
                JSONArray pois1 = jsonObject.getJSONArray("pois");
                if (pois1 == null){
                    continue;
                }
                pois = pois1.getJSONObject(0);
                if (pois == null){
                    continue;
                }
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (pois == null){
                continue;
            }
            String name =null;
            try {
                 name = pois.getString("name");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            String address =null;
            try {
                address = pois.getString("address");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String lng = null;
            String lat = null;
            try {
                String location = pois.getString("location");
                String[] split = location.split(",");
                lng = split[0];
                lat = split[1];
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String province = null;
            try {
                 province = pois.getString("pname");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String cityname =null;
            try {
                 cityname = pois.getString("cityname");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String adname = null;
            try {
                adname = pois.getString("adname");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            String adcode =null;
            try {
                adcode = pois.getString("adcode");
            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            TrainDomain trainDomain = new TrainDomain();
            trainDomain.setName(name);
            trainDomain.setLat(lat);
            trainDomain.setLng(lng);
            trainDomain.setAdcode(adcode);
            trainDomain.setProvince(province);
            trainDomain.setArea(adname);
            trainDomain.setCity(cityname);
            trainDomain.setAddress(province+cityname+adname+address);

            updateMapper.insertTrainLocation(trainDomain);
            System.out.println(trainDomain);

        }

    }
}

得到的结果你就可以根据你的要求进行痛苦的清洗和补充的数据了，下面补充我写的http工具类，你也可以换成自己的，都可以

public class HttpClientUtil {
	private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);

	/**
	 * @Title: doGet
	 * @Description: get方式
	 * @param :url请求路径
	 * @param :params参数
	 * @author Mundo
	 */
	public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> params) {

		// 返回结果
		String result = "";
		// 创建HttpClient对象
		HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		HttpGet httpGet = null;
		try {
			// 拼接参数,可以用URIBuilder,也可以直接拼接在？传值，拼在url后面，如下--httpGet = new
			// HttpGet(uri+"?id=123");
			URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
			if (null != params && !params.isEmpty()) {
				for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
					uriBuilder.addParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
					// 或者用
					// 顺便说一下不同(setParameter会覆盖同名参数的值，addParameter则不会)
					// uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
				}
			}
			URI uri = uriBuilder.build();
			// 创建get请求
			httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
			logger.info("访问路径：" + uri);
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {// 返回200，请求成功
				// 结果返回
				result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
				logger.info("请求成功！，返回数据：" + result);
			} else {
				logger.info("请求失败！");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.info("请求失败!");

		} finally {
			// 释放连接
			if (null != httpGet) {
				httpGet.releaseConnection();
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * @Title: doPost
	 * @Description: post请求
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 * @author Mundo
	 */
	public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
		String result = "";
		// 创建httpclient对象
		HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
		try { // 参数键值对
			if (null != params && !params.isEmpty()) {
				List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
				NameValuePair pair = null;
				for (String key : params.keySet()) {
					pair = new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key));
					pairs.add(pair);
				}
				// 模拟表单
				UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs);
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
				logger.info("返回数据：>>>" + result);
			} else {
				logger.info("请求失败！，url:" + url);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			logger.error("请求失败");

			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (null != httpPost) {
				// 释放连接
				httpPost.releaseConnection();
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * @Title: sendJsonStr
	 * @Description: post发送json字符串
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return 返回数据
	 * @author Mundo
	 */
	public static String sendJsonStr(String url, String params) {
		String result = "";

		HttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
		try {
			httpPost.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
			httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
			if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(params)){
				httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(params, Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
			}
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
				logger.info("返回数据：" + result);
			} else {
				logger.info("请求失败");
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			logger.error("请求异常");

		}
		return result;
	}
}