day38-会话技术

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-05 16:53:02 发布

m0_48060409

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-05 16:53:02 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_48060409/article/details/118772620

版权

01-资源跳转的路径问题

请求转发
- 相对路径 : OK
- 绝对路径 : 直接找资源 “/资源名”
重定向
- 相对路径 : OK
- 绝对路径 : 先找项目，再找资源。 “/项目名/资源名”

02-响应对象之文件下载

开发步骤
- 设置文件的mimeType，告诉浏览器响应正文的类型
- 设置响应头Content-Disposition，告诉浏览器显示下载窗口
- 文件拷贝（服务器 -> 浏览器）

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo05")
public class Demo05Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //下载文件名称
        String fileName = "美女.jpg";
        //1,设置文件的mimeTYpe
        //1.1,获取文件的mimeType类型
        String mimeType = request.getServletContext().getMimeType(fileName);
        System.out.println(mimeType);
        //1.2,告诉浏览器响应正文的mimeType
        response.setHeader("Content-Type", mimeType);
        //2,显示下载窗口
        //2.1,文件名中文乱码 : 浏览器是Chrome就是以utf-8编码，不是Chrome就是以base64编码
        String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
        String newFileName = null;
        if (userAgent.contains("Chrome")) {
            //谷歌浏览器
            newFileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8");
        } else {
            //非谷歌浏览器
            newFileName = base64EncodeFileName(fileName);
        }

        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachement;filename=" + newFileName);
        //3,文件拷贝(服务器 -> 浏览器)
        //3.1,获取服务器文件对应的字节输入流
        //D:\workspace\2103\day38\web\download\girl.jpg : 错误!
        //D:\workspace\2103\day38\out\artifacts\day38_war_exploded\download\girl.jpg : 正确!
        String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("download" + File.separator + fileName);
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(realPath));
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
        byte[] bys = new byte[8192];
        int len = -1;
        while ((len = bis.read(bys)) != -1) {
            bos.write(bys, 0, len);
        }
        bis.close();
        bos.close();
    }


    /**
     * base64编码
     * @param fileName
     * @return
     */
    public String base64EncodeFileName(String fileName) {
        BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
        try {
            return "=?UTF-8?B?"
                    + new String(base64Encoder.encode(fileName
                    .getBytes("UTF-8"))) + "?=";
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

03-Servlet线程安全问题

问题说明

@WebServlet("/demo06")
public class Demo06Servlet extends HttpServlet {

    private String name ;


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        name = request.getParameter("name");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(name);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo06")
public class Demo06Servlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(name);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/demo07")
public class Demo07Servlet extends HttpServlet {


    private String name;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        synchronized (this) {
            name = request.getParameter("name");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(5000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            System.out.println(name);
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

总结
- 在Servlet尽量避免使用成员变量
- 在Servlet如果使用成员变量，尽量只使用不赋值

04-会话技术

概述
- 用于存储数据，并实现数据共享的技术，Cookie、Session
- 类似于ServletRequest、ServletContext域对象
为什么？
分类
- Cookie : 基于浏览器的会话技术
- Sesson : 基于服务器的会话技术

05-cookie介绍

概述
- 本质就是缓存文件，可以存储客户端访问网站的一些信息。
- 也是请求头、响应头的一部分。
常用属性
- name : cookie名称
- value : cookie值
- maxAge : cookie有效期
- path : cookie访问名称

06-cookie基本使用

基本使用
- 创建Cookie对象
- 浏览器添加Cookie信息
- 服务器获取Cookie信息

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo08")
public class Demo08Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //创建Cookie对象
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test","helloworld");
        //浏览器添加Cookie
        //操作响应头Set-Cookie:test=helloworld
        response.addCookie(cookie);
		//response.setHeader("Set-Cookie","test=helloworld");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/demo09")
public class Demo09Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取Cookie
        Cookie myCookie = null;
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        if (null != cookies && 0 != cookies.length) {
            for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                if (cookie.getName().equals("test")) {
                    myCookie = cookie;
                }
            }
        }

        if (null != myCookie) {
            System.out.println(myCookie.getName() + "," + myCookie.getValue());
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);

public class CookieUtils {


    public static Cookie getCookie(Cookie[] cookies , String cookieName){

        if (null == cookies || 0 == cookies.length) {
            return  null;
        }

        for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
            if (cookieName.equals(cookie.getName())) {
                return cookie;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

}

09-cookie执行流程

执行流程
- 浏览器发起第一次请求,服务器Servlet创建Cookie对象
- 通过响应头Set-Cookie将Cookie信息携带回浏览器保存
- 浏览器发起第二次请求，Cookie信息随着请求头Cookie携带到服务器
- 服务器通过requst.getCookie获取对应的Cookie信息

10-cookie相关设置

概述
- 默认情况下，cookie随着会话的关闭而销毁。
- 默认情况下，访问当前项目中任何资源都会携带cookie

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo10")
public class Demo10Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("test","helloworld");
        //设置有效期为7天
        cookie.setMaxAge(7 * 24 * 60 * 60 );
         //设置Cookie访问路径
        cookie.setPath("/");
        response.addCookie(cookie);


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

11-cookie练习

需求
- 显示商品浏览记录

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo11")
public class Demo11Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String id = request.getParameter("id");
        Cookie myCookie = CookieUtils.getCookie(request.getCookies(), "history");
        if (null == myCookie) {
            //第一次请求
            myCookie = new Cookie("history",id);
        } else {
            //不是第一次请求
            //0-1-2
            String historyStr = myCookie.getValue();
            //判断原来是否已经浏览过
            if (!historyStr.contains(id)) {
                historyStr = historyStr + "-" + id;
                myCookie.setValue(historyStr);
            }

        }
        response.addCookie(myCookie);
        //跳转
        response.sendRedirect("/day38/demo12");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/demo12")
public class Demo12Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //显示浏览记录
        Cookie myCookie = CookieUtils.getCookie(request.getCookies(), "history");
        if (null == myCookie) {
            //没有浏览记录
            response.getWriter().write("您还没有浏览任何商品,<a href='/day38/demo01.html'>请浏览商品</a>");
            return ;
        }
        //有浏览记录
        //0-1-2
        String historyStr = myCookie.getValue();
        //0、1、2
        String[] names = {"红楼梦","西游记","三国演义","水浒传"};
        String[] indexs = historyStr.split("-");
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("您的浏览记录如下:<br>");
        for (String index : indexs) {
            String name = names[Integer.parseInt(index)];
            sb.append(name + "<br>");
        }

        response.getWriter().write(sb.toString());

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

12-session介绍

概述
- 服务器端的会话技术
- 是一个域对象
域对象
- ServletRequest
- ServletContext
- HttpSession

13-session基本使用

代码实现

@WebServlet("/demo13")
public class Demo13Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取session对象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();

        session.setAttribute("test","helloworld");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/demo14")
public class Demo14Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取session对象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();

        Object msg = session.getAttribute("test");
        System.out.println(msg);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/demo15")
public class Demo15Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取session对象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();

        session.removeAttribute("test");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

14-session执行流程

执行流程
- 浏览器发起第一次请求Demo13Servlet
  - request.getSession()创建新session对象
- 通过Set-Cookie响应头将session的唯一标识携带到浏览器保存
- 浏览器发起第二次请求Demo14Servlet
- 通过Cookie请求头将session的唯一标识携带到服务器
  - request.getSession()匹配session的唯一标识
    - 如果匹配上了，直接使用原有的session对象
    - 如果匹配不上，就创建新的session对象

15-session相关设置

生命周期
- session默认的生命期为30分钟
- 关闭浏览器并不会销毁session，只是会销毁session存放在cookie中的唯一标识
- 关闭服务器

代码实现

<!-- web.xml -->
<session-config>
    <session-timeout>1</session-timeout>
</session-config>

@WebServlet("/demo16")
public class Demo16Servlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取session对象
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        //销毁session
        session.invalidate();

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

16-session练习

需求
- 登录成功后跳转到首页并显示用户信息

代码实现

@WebServlet("/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        if ("root".equals(username) && "root".equals(password)) {
            //登录成功，将用户信息存储到session
            request.getSession().setAttribute("existUser",new User(username,password));

            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/showIndex");

        } else {
            //登录失败
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.html");
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet("/showIndex")
public class ShowIndexServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //显示用户信息
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        User existUser = (User) session.getAttribute("existUser");
        //清理了浏览器的缓存、没有登录直接访问首页
        if (null == existUser) {
            //不在登录状态
            response.getWriter().write("您还没有登录，<a href='/day38/login.html'>去登录</a>");
            response.setHeader("Refresh","3;URL=/day38/login.html");
            return;
        }
        //在登录状态
        String username = existUser.getUsername();

        response.getWriter().write("欢迎回来，" + username );


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

注意事项
理了浏览器的缓存、没有登录直接访问首页
if (null == existUser) {
//不在登录状态
response.getWriter().write(“您还没有登录，去登录”);
response.setHeader(“Refresh”,“3;URL=/day38/login.html”);
return;
}
//在登录状态
String username = existUser.getUsername();
```
    response.getWriter().write("欢迎回来，" + username );


}

@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    doGet(request, response);
}
```
}
注意事项
- 现阶段，无法在html中获取java程序数据，暂时使用Servlet显示页面。

m0_48060409

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day38-会话技术

01-资源跳转的路径问题请求转发相对路径 : OK绝对路径 : 直接找资源 “/资源名”重定向相对路径 : OK绝对路径 : 先找项目，再找资源。 “/项目名/资源名”02-响应对象之文件下载开发步骤设置文件的mimeType，告诉浏览器响应正文的类型设置响应头Content-Disposition，告诉浏览器显示下载窗口文件拷贝（服务器 -> 浏览器）代码实现@WebServlet("/demo05")public class Demo0
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