java.util.concurrent 下的类就叫 JUC 类,JUC 下典型的类有:
● ReentrantLock● Semaphore● CountDownLatch● CyclicBarrier
1. ReentrantLock:可重⼊锁
public class ThreadDemo22 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
synchronized (ThreadDemo22.class) {
System.out.println("线程执行进入了方法");
synchronized (ThreadDemo22.class) {
System.out.println("线程执行又进入了方法");
synchronized (ThreadDemo22.class) {
System.out.println("线程执行又又进入了方法");
}
}
}
}
}
输出:
线程执行进入了方法
线程执行又进入了方法
线程执行又又进入了方法
2. Semaphore:信号量
Semaphore 信号量可以实现限流。
acquire:获取令牌
release:发布令牌
public class SemaphoreDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建线程池
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
//创建信号量
Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(2);
//统一任务的定义
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Thread currThread = Thread.currentThread(); // 得到执行此任务的线程
System.out.println("进入线程:" + currThread.getName());
try {
// 如果没有可用令牌的话,那么线程会阻塞在当前位置
semaphore.acquire();
System.out.println(currThread.getName() + ":得到了令牌 | Time:" + LocalDateTime.now());
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(2);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.out.println(currThread.getName() + ":释放令牌 | Time:" + LocalDateTime.now());
// 释放令牌
semaphore.release();
}
}
};
// 定义新线程执行任务
service.submit(runnable);
// 定义新线程执行任务
service.submit(runnable);
// 定义新线程执行任务
service.submit(runnable);
// 定义新线程执行任务
service.submit(runnable);
// 定义新线程执行任务
service.submit(runnable);
}
}
输出:
进入线程:pool-1-thread-2
进入线程:pool-1-thread-4
进入线程:pool-1-thread-5
进入线程:pool-1-thread-1
进入线程:pool-1-thread-3
pool-1-thread-4:得到了令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:28.880
pool-1-thread-2:得到了令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:28.880
pool-1-thread-4:释放令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:30.893
pool-1-thread-2:释放令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:30.893
pool-1-thread-5:得到了令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:30.893
pool-1-thread-1:得到了令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:30.893
pool-1-thread-1:释放令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:32.900
pool-1-thread-3:得到了令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:32.901
pool-1-thread-5:释放令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:32.901
pool-1-thread-3:释放令牌 | Time:2022-04-18T11:19:34.916
3. CountDownLatch:计数器
CountDownLatch: 计数器。判断线程池的任务是否已经全部执行完。
等待所有线程执行完,join();
等待所有线程池中所有执行完,再执行下一步,使用CountDownLatch。
countDown() : 计算器 - 1
await():阻塞等待,所有的任务全部执行完(等待CountDownLatch = 0之后,继续执行后面的代码)。
public class CountDownLatchDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//创建计算器
CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(5);
//线程池
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
//创建新线程执行任务
for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++) {
service.submit(() -> {
Thread currThread = Thread.currentThread();
System.out.println(currThread.getName()
+ ":开始起跑" + LocalDateTime.now()) ;
// 跑步所用时间
int runTime = (1 + new Random().nextInt(5));
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(runTime);
} catch (InterruptedException exception) {
exception.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(currThread.getName() + ":到达终点,用时:" + runTime + " " + LocalDateTime.now());
countDownLatch.countDown(); // 计算器 -1
});
}
countDownLatch.await(); // 阻塞等待,知道线程执行完
System.out.println("比赛结束");
}
}
输出:
pool-1-thread-2:开始起跑2022-04-18T12:10:42.224
pool-1-thread-4:开始起跑2022-04-18T12:10:42.224
pool-1-thread-5:开始起跑2022-04-18T12:10:42.224
pool-1-thread-3:开始起跑2022-04-18T12:10:42.224
pool-1-thread-1:开始起跑2022-04-18T12:10:42.224
pool-1-thread-3:到达终点,用时:1 2022-04-18T12:10:43.232
pool-1-thread-4:到达终点,用时:2 2022-04-18T12:10:44.236
pool-1-thread-2:到达终点,用时:3 2022-04-18T12:10:45.228
pool-1-thread-5:到达终点,用时:3 2022-04-18T12:10:45.228
pool-1-thread-1:到达终点,用时:5 2022-04-18T12:10:47.241
比赛结束
4. CyclicBarrier:循环屏障
await () :计数器 - 1 ,判断当前奇数骑是否为0,如果为0,冲破栅栏执行之后的代码;否则阻塞等待,直到栅栏被冲破。
public class CyclicBarrierDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 循环屏障
CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("计数器为 0 了");
}
});
// 创建线程池
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int finalI = i;
service.submit(() -> {
Thread currThread = Thread.currentThread();
System.out.println("执行线程:" + currThread.getName());
try {
Thread.sleep(500 * finalI);
cyclicBarrier.await(); // 执行阻塞等待(计数器 -1,阻塞等待,直到循环屏障的计数器为 0 的时候,再执行后面的代码)
} catch (InterruptedException exception) {
exception.printStackTrace();
} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("线程执行完成:" + currThread.getName());
});
}
}
}
输出:
执行线程:pool-1-thread-1
执行线程:pool-1-thread-5
执行线程:pool-1-thread-4
执行线程:pool-1-thread-3
执行线程:pool-1-thread-2
执行线程:pool-1-thread-6
执行线程:pool-1-thread-7
执行线程:pool-1-thread-8
执行线程:pool-1-thread-9
执行线程:pool-1-thread-10
计数器为 0 了
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-5
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-4
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-3
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-2
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-1
计数器为 0 了
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-10
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-6
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-8
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-7
线程执行完成:pool-1-thread-9