练习任务:
01.编写HTML表单,模拟用户输入,并获取用户输入的数据
02.使用response和request对象.模拟用户登录(1.使用html表单读取用户登录界面】 2 . 登录跳转->使用重定向】 3 . 处理中文乱码】)
03 比较HttpServletRequest、HttpSession、ServletContet这三个作用域对象
01.编写HTML表单,模拟用户输入,并获取用户输入的数据
-
1 . 创建html表单,提供输入界面**(注意action的地址为创建的servlet的类名**userinput
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="userimput" method="get"> <label>您的姓名:</label><br> <input type="text" name="name"/><br><br> <label>您所在的班级:</label> <select name="class" > <option >1班</option> <option >2班</option> <option >3班</option> <option >4班</option> <option >5班</option> <option >6班</option> </select><br><br> <label >您的专业是:</label><br> <input type="text" speciality="speciality"/><br><br> <label >您的爱好是: </label> <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="写代码">写代码 <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="敲代码">敲代码 <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="写英文代码">写英文代码 <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="弹吉他">弹吉他 <br><br> <input type="submit" value="提交"><br> </form> </body> </html>
-
2. 创建servlet,类名为userinput
package demo; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Enumeration; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet implementation class ExtendsHS */ @WebServlet("/ExtendsHS") public class ExtendsHS extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //处理乱码 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //使用request请求参数 String stu_name = request.getParameter("name"); String stu_class = request.getParameter("class"); String hobby = Arrays.toString(request.getParameterValues("hobby")); String speciality = request.getParameter("speciality"); Enumeration fNames=request.getParameterNames(); //使用getParameterNames() //使用response设置响应参数 response.getWriter().println("<br>通过getParameter获得参数值:<br>"); response.getWriter().println("欢迎班级为:<font>"+stu_class+"</font>的<font>"+stu_name+"</font><front>同学</font>"); response.getWriter().println("<br>"); response.getWriter().println("<br>通过getParameterValues获得的参数值为:<br>"); response.getWriter().println("这位同学的爱好是:<font >"+hobby+"<font>"); response.getWriter().println("<br>"); response.getWriter().println("<br>通过getParameterNames获得的参数值为:<br>"); response.getWriter().println("欢迎班级为:<font >"+stu_class+"</font>的<font >"+stu_name+"</font><front >同学, </font>"+"这位同学的爱好是:<font>"+hobby+"<font>"); response.getWriter().println("<br>"); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub doGet(request, response); } }
-
3 . 启动tomcat,测试代码
02使用response和request对象.模拟用户登录(1.使用html表单读取用户登录界面】 2 . 登录跳转->使用重定向】 3 . 处理中文乱码】)
-
1 . 使用html表单编写登录页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <form action="userlogin" method="post"> Name:<input type="text" name="userName"> Password:<input type="password" name="userPassword"/> <input type="submit" value="login"/> </form> <hr/> </body> </html>
-
2.创建userlogin的sevlet进行serponse和request的应用(页面重点:00.写入登录逻辑模拟登录。01.处理中文乱码。02.实现页面的重定向和转发。)
package demo; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet implementation class userlogin */ @WebServlet("/userlogin") public class userlogin extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //1处理乱码 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); //2.请求数据 String u = request.getParameter("userName"); String p = request.getParameter("userPassword"); //3.登录的逻辑验证 if(u.equals("007")&&p.equals("007")) { //使用equals进行密码比对 //进行页面转发 //request.getRequestDispatcher("login_welcome").forward(request,response); //转发 response.sendRedirect("login_welcome"); //重定向 }else { out.print("请输入正确的用户名和密码!"); out.print("<br>"); RequestDispatcher relogin = request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.html"); relogin.include(request, response); } } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub doGet(request, response); } }
-
4.上一个页面已经使用重定向(response.sendRedirect)将登录成功后的页面进行跳转到登录成功页面
package demo; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * login_welcome 此页面为登录成功欢迎页面 */ @WebServlet("/login_welcome") public class login_welcome extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //登录成功欢迎 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); //处理乱码!! String login_user = request.getParameter("userName"); response.getWriter().print("<br>登录成功!"+login_user); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub doGet(request, response); } }
03 比较HttpServletRequest、HttpSession、ServletContet这三个作用域对象
-
ServletContext范围最大。应用程序级别的,整个应用程序都能访问,也就是只要这个服务不停止就会一直存在。
-
HttpSession次之,会话级别的,在当前浏览器中都能访问 ,不论在**同一浏览器开多少窗体,都能够访问 。**但是换个浏览器就不行了,必须再一次创建session
-
HttpServletRequest范围最小,请求结束,变量的作用域也结束,换句话说就是在同一浏览器请求相同接口是可以的,同一浏览器不同接口或者不同浏览器都是为null的。
@HttpServlestRequest上面已经有demo,这里不再用代码做演示
01. HttpSession,使用代码理解(使用html创建登录表单,使用jsp)
<!--在web.xml文件中设置HttpSession过期时间。 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<!--系统默认30分钟 -->
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Login Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="login" method="post">
<h3>Login details</h3>
<table>
<tr>
<td>User Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="usName" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>User Password:</td>
<td><input type="password" name="usPass" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
02.创建session,并使用模拟登录
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@WebServlet("/login")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public LoginServlet() {
super();
}
// doPost() method
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
// Set响应内容类型为to "text/html"
response.setContentType("text/html");
//获取要写入响应的print writer对象
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
// 获取session 对象
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//使用request
String user = request.getParameter("usName");
String password = request.getParameter("usPass");
// Validate the password - If password is correct, 验证密码账号
// set the user in this session 设置会话用户
// and redirect to welcome page 重定向到欢迎页面
if (password.equals("geek")) {
session.setAttribute("user", user);
response.sendRedirect("welcome.jsp?name=" + user);
} // If the password is wrong, display the error message on the login page.
else {
RequestDispatcher rd = request.getRequestDispatcher("login.jsp");
out.println("<font color=red>Password is wrong.</font>");
rd.include(request, response);
}
out.close();
}
}
03.重定向到欢迎页面,使用jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Welcome Page</title>
<script src="jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
var lastActiveTime = new Date().getTime();
$(document).ready(function () {
$('body').bind('click mousemove keypress scroll resize', function () {
lastActiveTime = new Date().getTime();
});
setInterval(checkIdleTime, 30000); // 30 sec
});
function checkIdleTime() {
var diff = new Date().getTime() - lastActiveTime;
if (diff > 120000) {//2 min of inactivity
window.location.href = "logout?msg=onTimeOut"
} else {
$.ajax({url: 'refreshSession', error: function (data, status, xhr) {
alert("cannot refresh session on server: " + xhr);
window.location.reload();
}
});
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="logout" method="get">
<h2>
Hello
<%=request.getParameter("name")%>!
</h2>
<h3>Welcome to GeeksforGeeks..</h3>
<br> <input type="submit" value="Logout" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
2. HttpContext
package demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/servletContext")
public class servletContext extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext servletContext = request.getServletContext();
//多用户之间数据共享
Integer count=(Integer)servletContext.getAttribute("count");
if (count == null) {
servletContext.setAttribute("count",1);
}
else {
servletContext.setAttribute("count",++count);
}
request.getRequestDispatcher("Pagecount").forward(request,response);
//获取配置信息
String personName = servletContext.getInitParameter("person");
System.out.println("来访问人员为:"+personName);
//获取资源路径: /1.获取项目运行的目录
String filePath1 = servletContext.getRealPath("/login.html");
System.out.println("项目路径为:"+filePath1);
// //2.获取文件路径 String filepath2 = servletContext.getRealPath("/testfolder/dailylog.txt");
// System.out.println("文件路径为:"+filePath2); /
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}