hi3798mv100开发笔记（二）Ubuntu20.04 rootfs移植

获取ubuntu-base

到ubuntu官网下载Ubuntu-base https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/20.04.5/release/

cd ~/hi3798mv100/rootfs
mkdir ubuntu_rootfs
sudo tar -xzvf ubuntu-base-20.04.5-base-armhf.tar.gz -C ubuntu_rootfs
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf  ubuntu_rootfs/etc/resolv.conf	#配置网络域名解析

---

sudo vi ubuntu_rootfs/etc/apt/sources.list				#替换软件源

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

这里使用清华软件源更多详情查看https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu-ports/

#1.安装qemu-user-static仿真器
sudo apt install qemu-user-static
#2.拷贝 qemu-aarch64-static 到 ubuntu_rootfs/usr/bin/ 目录下。
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ubuntu_rootfs/usr/bin/

编写挂载脚本

#!/bin/bash
function mnt() {
    echo "MOUNTING"
    sudo mount -t proc /proc ${2}proc
    sudo mount -t sysfs /sys ${2}sys
    sudo mount -o bind /dev ${2}dev
    #sudo mount -t devpts -o gid=5,mode=620 devpts ${2}dev/pts
    sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts ${2}dev/pts
    sudo chroot ${2}
}
function umnt() {
    echo "UNMOUNTING"
    sudo umount ${2}proc
    sudo umount ${2}sys
    sudo umount ${2}dev/pts
    sudo umount ${2}dev
}
if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
        mnt $1 $2
elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
        umnt $1 $2
else
        echo ""
        echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"
        echo ""
        echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"
        echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with tralling '/')"
        echo ""
        echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard"
        echo ""
        echo 1st parameter : ${1}
        echo 2nd parameter : $[2]
fi

#增加脚本执行权限
sudo chmod +x mount.sh
#挂载根文件系统
./mount.sh -m ubuntu_rootfs/
#退出根文件系统
exit
#卸载根文件系统
./mount.sh -u ubuntu_rootfs/

挂载ubuntu_rootfs

./mount.sh -m ubuntu_rootfs/

接下来的操作将在ubuntu-base 20.04 rootfs中进行

更新软件源

apt update
Ign:1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal InRelease
Ign:2 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-updates InRelease
Ign:3 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports focal-security InRelease
Err:5 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal Release
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate issuer is unknown.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Err:6 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-updates Release
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate issuer is unknown.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Err:7 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-backports Release
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate issuer is unknown.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 101.6.15.130 443]
Reading package lists... Done
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal/InRelease: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal-updates/InRelease: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal-backports/InRelease: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal/Release: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
E: The repository 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal-updates/Release: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
E: The repository 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/dists/focal-backports/Release: No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.
E: The repository 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports focal-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

这种报错需要修改软件源/etc/apt/sources.list 将其中的https全部替换成http

exit
sudo ./mount.sh -u ubuntu_rootfs/
sudo vi ubuntu_rootfs/etc/apt/sources.list #修改成http
sudo ./
apt update			#此时应该可以成功更新

安装常用软件

apt install sudo vim language-pack-en-base
apt install systemd				#安装系统服务管理器，安装过程需要手动选择地区
apt install net-tools			#包含ifconfig命令
apt install usbutils			#包含lsusb命令
apt install iputils-ping		#包含ping命令
apt install htop				#htop命令查看系统资源情况与负载
apt install ifupdown			#网络管理工具，会创建/etc/network目录并生成interfaces配置文件
apt install udev				#设备管理，能够将串口作为控制台
apt install openssh-server apt-utils curl network-manager kmod

启动systemd系统与服务管理器

ln -s /lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init

## 账号设置
```bash
passwd root							#设置root用户密码
adduser ubuntu						#新增普通用户“ubuntu”
passwd ubuntu

为普通用户增加sudo权限

vi /etc/sudoers

在root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL下一行添加ubuntu ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

网络 DHCP 配置

echo allow-hotplug eth0 > /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0
echo iface eth0 inet dhcp >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

DNS 配置

查看当前DNS配置

root@ubuntu:/# ll /etc/resolv.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Sep 12  2024 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
root@ubuntu:/# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit.
#
# This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the
# internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all
# configured search domains.
#
# Run "resolvectl status" to see details about the uplink DNS servers
# currently in use.
#
# Third party programs must not access this file directly, but only through the
# symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a different way,
# replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink.
#
# See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of
# operation for /etc/resolv.conf.

nameserver 127.0.0.53
options edns0 trust-ad
search smartont.net

重写DNS配置

rm /etc/resolv.conf
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
echo "nameserver 114.114.114.114" >> /etc/resolv.conf

锁定DNS配置

chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf

设置本机名称和ip地址

echo "hi3798mv100" > /etc/hostname
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 hi3798mv100" >> /etc/hosts

清理apt

apt autoremove
apt-get autoclean
apt-get clean
apt clean

退出根文件系统

exit
 ./mount.sh -u ubuntu_rootfs/

打包rootfs

创建打包脚本

vi img.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -x
rootfs=$(mktemp -d)

dd if=/dev/zero of=$1 bs=1M count=1500
mkfs.ext4 -F -L linuxroot $1
mount  $1 $rootfs
cp -rfp $2* $rootfs
umount $rootfs
e2fsck -p -f $1
resize2fs -M $1

执行脚本

sudo ./img.sh rootfs.img ubuntu_rootfs/
ubuntu:~/hi3798mv100/rootfs$ ll -h
total 440M
drwxrwxr-x  3 marsa marsa 4.0K Mar 24 17:52 ./
drwxrwxr-x  4 marsa marsa 4.0K Mar 24 15:05 ../
-rwxrwxr-x  1 marsa marsa  195 Mar 24 17:50 img.sh*
-rwxrwxr-x  1 marsa marsa  859 Mar 24 15:06 mount.sh*
-rw-r--r--  1 root  root  577M Mar 24 17:55 rootfs.img
-rw-rw-r--  1 marsa marsa  23M Mar 24 15:33 ubuntu-base-20.04.5-base-armhf.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 17 marsa marsa 4.0K Mar 24 16:28 ubuntu_rootfs/

rootfs大小修改

修改分区表

生成的rootfs镜像577MB远超了SDK编译出的分区表规定范围，这会导致内核挂载不上rootfs。
首先修改分区表。
修改后类似下图，把rootfs长度改为-把cadata分区删除

修改fastboot参数

烧录完镜像启动机顶盒
在启动时快速多次按Ctrl+C阻止fastboot启动内核，修改bootargs

Press Ctrl+C to stop autoboot
fastboot# <INTERRUPT>
fastboot# <INTERRUPT>
fastboot# <INTERRUPT>
fastboot# <INTERRUPT>
fastboot# <INTERRUPT>								#ctrl + c 取消自动启动
fastboot# printenv									#查看环境变量
baudrate=115200
ipaddr=192.168.1.10
netmask=255.255.255.0
gatewayip=192.168.1.1
serverip=192.168.1.1
bootcmd=mmc read 0 0x1FFFFC0 0x21000 0x4000;bootm 0x1FFFFC0
bootargs_512M=mem=512M mmz=ddr,0,0,320M vmalloc=500M
bootargs_768M=mem=768M mmz=ddr,0,0,400M vmalloc=500M
bootargs_1G=mem=1G mmz=ddr,0,0,400M vmalloc=500M
bootargs_2G=mem=2G mmz=ddr,0,0,600M vmalloc=500M
bootargs=console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p12 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait blkdevparts=mmcblk0:1M(boot),1M(bootargs),4M(baseparam),4M(pqparam),4M(logo),4M(deviceinfo),4M(softwareinfo),4M(loaderdb),32M(loader),8M(trustedcore),8M(kernel),128M(rootfs),8M(cadata),-(others)
bootdelay=0
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial
ethaddr=2A:95:54:F6:55:BF
ver=Fastboot 3.3.0 (xtao@ubuntu) (May 05 2017 - 11:31:39)
Environment size: 775/65532 bytes

bootargs内核参数指定了串口号为ttyAMA0，这也是上文制作rootfs时链接串口终端时使用ttyAMA0端口号的原因
修改bootargs中的分区信息

setenv bootargs console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p12 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait blkdevparts=mmcblk0:1M(boot),1M(bootargs),4M(baseparam),4M(pqparam),4M(logo),4M(deviceinfo),4M(softwareinfo),4M(loaderdb),32M(loader),8M(trustedcore),8M(kernel),-(ubuntu)
saveenv
reset

至此能够挂载rootfs，但是内核还需要配置dev挂载并打开cgroup才能完成进入到登录linux账号阶段

尝试修改内核配置

分析构建内核流程

1. 查看编译整个SDK时make做了什么操作，可以发现一条调用子makefile来构建内核的指令

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ source env.sh
$ make build -n				#输出构建时将要执行的命令
make prebuilts_compose
echo "make prebuilts over"
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/boot all O=/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/boot
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/tools/linux/utils all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/rootfs all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/common/api all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/msp/api all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/msp/api/higo all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/msp/api/gpu all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/msp/api/omx all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/component all
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/component/directfb all
make rootbox_compose
echo "rootbox is ready"
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/sample image
make  cramfs squashfs extfs
rm -rf /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/hi_kernel.bin /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/apploader.bin /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/rootfs.squashfs
make signature

 #### make "build -n" completed successfully! ####

2. 继续查看子makfile构建内核时做了什么操作

$ make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel all -n
make: Entering directory '/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel'
test -d /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/emmc_image || mkdir -p /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/emmc_image
(cd /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers && rm -rf common && ln -s /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/common/drv common)
(cd /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers && rm -rf msp && ln -s /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/msp/drv msp)
(cd /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers && rm -rf wifi && ln -s /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/component/wifi/drv wifi)
(cd /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers && rm -rf bluetooth_usb && ln -s /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/component/bluetooth/drv bluetooth_usb)
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y ARCH=arm \
        CROSS_COMPILE=arm-histbv310-linux- \
        O=/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y \
         \
        CFLAGS_KERNEL= AFLAGS_KERNEL= hi3798mv100_defconfig
make pcie_config
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y ARCH=arm \
        CROSS_COMPILE=arm-histbv310-linux- \
        O=/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y \
         \
        CFLAGS_KERNEL= AFLAGS_KERNEL= oldconfig
make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y ARCH=arm \
        CROSS_COMPILE=arm-histbv310-linux- \
        O=/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y \
        CONFIG_MSP=y \
        HI_CONFIG_WIFI= \
        HI_CONFIG_BLUETOOTH= \
        CONFIG_ADVCA= \
         \
        CFLAGS_KERNEL= AFLAGS_KERNEL= uImage modules
cp -f /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/arch/arm/boot/uImage /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/emmc_image/hi_kernel.bin
mkdir -p /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/usb
cp -f /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers/usb/host/*.ko /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/usb/
(for file in  ; do ( \
                mkdir -p /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/sata && cp $file /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/sata/ \
        ) done )
(find /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers/common -name "*.ko" | xargs cp -f -t /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/)
(find /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/obj/source/kernel/linux-4.4.y/drivers/msp -name "*.ko" | xargs cp -f -t /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/kmod/)
make: Leaving directory '/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel'

 #### make "-C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel all -n" completed successfully! ####

根据上面的代码，得出构建内核时主要做的事情:

• 创建输出目录
• 创建符号链接（在 linux-4.4.y/drivers 目录下创建符号链接，指向其他模块的驱动目录）
• 生成初始版本的内核配置文件.config（第一次构建时会生成初始版本的.config配置文件，后面根据需求修改内核配置时也会改变.config文件，如果再次执行构建指令make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel all那么就会把.config文件恢复成初始版本，这是不应该的。所以需要把删除相关操作避免覆盖.config文件）
• 编译内核和模块
• 复制内核镜像、内核模块

修改Makefile文件

修改Makefile,避免重新生成初始版本的.config文件覆盖原来的.config文件。

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ cp source/kernel/Makefile source/kernel/Makefilebak	#备份Makefile
$ vi source/kernel/Makefile								#修改Makefile

下面是生成.config的代码，删除掉

293         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_SRC_DIR) ARCH=$(CFG_HI_CPU_ARCH) \
294                 CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) \
295                 O=$(BUILD_DIR) \
296                 $(EXTRA_FLAGS_KERNEL) \
297                 CFLAGS_KERNEL=$(CFLAGS_KERNEL) AFLAGS_KERNEL=$(AFLAGS_KERNEL) $(KERNEL_CONFIG)
298         $(if $(CFG_HI_TEE_SUPPORT),make tee_config,)
299         make pcie_config
300         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_SRC_DIR) ARCH=$(CFG_HI_CPU_ARCH) \
301                 CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) \
302                 O=$(BUILD_DIR) \
303                 $(EXTRA_FLAGS_KERNEL) \
304                 CFLAGS_KERNEL=$(CFLAGS_KERNEL) AFLAGS_KERNEL=$(AFLAGS_KERNEL) oldconfig

编译内核方法

上文有提及顶层makfile调用子makefile来构建内核，也就是下面这条指令

$ make -C /home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/source/kernel all

而上面的指令是由下面的构建规则执行的

175 #====================================================================================
176 #                   linux
177 #====================================================================================
178 .PHONY:  linux linux_clean
179
180 linux:
181         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) all
182
183 linux_clean:
184         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) clean
185
186 #====================================================================================
187 #                   rootfs
188 #====================================================================================

所以可以在顶层makefile用make linux直接单独构建内核，而不需要使用make build构建整个SDK

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ make linux

配置内核方法

make menuconfig通常用来配置内核参数。但是make menuconfig只是在内核目录下起到配置内核参数的作用，在SDK顶层目录下make menuconfig实际起到的作用是配置SDK参数
所以在顶层的Makefile中添加新的规则来配置内核参数

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ vi Makefile

175 #====================================================================================
176 #                   linux
177 #====================================================================================
178 .PHONY:  linux linux_clean
179
180 linux:
181         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) all
182
183 linux_clean:
184         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) clean
185
186 linux-menuconfig:
187         $(AT)make -C $(KERNEL_DIR) menuconfig
188
189 #====================================================================================
190 #                   rootfs
191 #====================================================================================

在顶层makefile配置内核：

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ make linux-menuconfig

PS：通常编译内核、修改内核是到内核目录下执行 make uImage、make menuconfig，但是如果按照通常方法单独编译内核会缺少相关的环境变量，所以采用从SDK的顶层Makefile中进行编译，配置内核。

内核配置

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ make linux-menuconfig

配置dev

键入/搜索devtmp 确保这两个配置项都打开了，按下数字 1 2 可快速定位到配置项

配置cgroups

确保cgroups打开

至此rootfs已经可以成功启动。使得linux正常工作还需要继续配置

配置ANDROID_PARANOID_NETWORK

ANDROID_PARANOID_NETWORK默认是打开的，这里我们需要关闭它，不然没法正常上网

配置USB

这三个配置项默认是编译成模块，这里把它们修改成编译进内核

配置CH340驱动（非必要）

$ pwd
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060
$ make build -j16

生成的内核镜像是
/home/marsa/hi3798mv/HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC060/out/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1f/image/emmc_image/hi_kernel.bin

烧录完成后进入控制台扩容rootfs

root@hi3798mv100:~# lsblk
NAME         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
mmcblk0      179:0    0  7.3G  0 disk
|-mmcblk0p1  179:1    0    1M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p2  179:2    0    1M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p3  179:3    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p4  179:4    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p5  179:5    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p6  179:6    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p7  179:7    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p8  259:0    0    4M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p9  259:1    0   32M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p10 259:2    0    8M  0 part
|-mmcblk0p11 259:3    0    8M  0 part
`-mmcblk0p12 259:4    0  7.2G  0 part /
mmcblk0boot0 179:8    0    4M  1 disk
mmcblk0boot1 179:16   0    4M  1 disk
mmcblk0rpmb  179:24   0    4M  0 disk
mmcblk1      179:32   0 14.9G  0 disk
|-mmcblk1p1  179:33   0 14.9G  0 part
`-mmcblk1p2  179:34   0   57M  0 part
root@hi3798mv100:~# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root       737M  479M  204M  71% /
devtmpfs        291M     0  291M   0% /dev
tmpfs           291M     0  291M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs            59M   64K   59M   1% /run
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           291M     0  291M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
root@hi3798mv100:~# resize2fs /dev/mmcblk0p12
resize2fs 1.45.5 (07-Jan-2020)
Filesystem at /dev/mmcblk0p12 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
The filesystem on /dev/mmcblk0p12 is now 1889792 (4k) blocks long.

root@hi3798mv100:~# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/root       7.1G  483M  6.3G   7% /
devtmpfs        291M     0  291M   0% /dev
tmpfs           291M     0  291M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs            59M   64K   59M   1% /run
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           291M     0  291M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

后言

Ubuntu20.04 rootfs 制作与网上教程大致一样，本人照葫芦画瓢的结果就是最后kernel没有找到合适的初始化进程最后选择了最低优先级的/bin/sh作为初始进程。结果就是pid 1 的进程是sh，这很难搞。
最后安装了systemd并创建符号链接/sbin/init才让rootfs看起来比较靠谱。
不清楚为什么网上的教程不需要安装systemd

参考链接

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46025014/article/details/131682463
https://www.cnblogs.com/milton/p/17599562.html
https://www.jianshu.com/p/0a0066d10190