数据库查询50道题

创建四张表 student,sc,course,teacher

CREATE DATABASE db_2 CHARSET ='utf8';
USE db_2;
-- Student(Sid,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表 
DROP TABLE Student;
CREATE TABLE Student(
   Sid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
   Sname VARCHAR(10),
   Sage INT,
   Ssex CHAR(1)
);
DELETE FROM Student;
-- 执行22次
INSERT INTO Student VALUES(NULL,SUBSTRING(REPLACE(UUID(),"-",""),1,8),TRUNCATE(RAND()*10+10,0),IF(RAND()>0.5,'男','女'));
SELECT * FROM Student;


-- Teacher(Tid,Tname) 教师表 
CREATE TABLE Teacher(
   Tid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
   Tname VARCHAR(10)
);
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES(NULL,"张老师"),(NULL,"王老师"),(NULL,"田老师"),(NULL,"李老师"),(NULL,"刘老师"),(NULL,"柳老师"),(NULL,"马老师");


-- Course(Cid,Cname,T#) 课程表 
CREATE TABLE Course(
   Cid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
   Cname VARCHAR(10),
   Tid INT,
   CONSTRAINT fk_1 FOREIGN KEY(Tid) REFERENCES Teacher(Tid)
);
INSERT INTO Course VALUES(NULL,"语文",1),(NULL,"数学",2),(NULL,"英语",3),(NULL,"物理",4);
INSERT INTO Course VALUES(NULL,"化学",3),(NULL,"生物",4);

-- SC(Sid,Cid,score) 成绩表 
DROP TABLE SC;
CREATE TABLE SC(
   Sid INT,
   Cid INT,
   score FLOAT(4,1),
   CONSTRAINT fk_11 FOREIGN KEY(Sid) REFERENCES Student(Sid),
   CONSTRAINT fk_12 FOREIGN KEY(Cid) REFERENCES Course(Cid),
   PRIMARY KEY(Sid,Cid)
);
SELECT * FROM Student;
SELECT * FROM Course;
-- 执行200次左右
INSERT INTO SC VALUES(
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*22+1,0),
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*6+1,0),
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*100,1)  
),(
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*22+1,0),
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*6+1,0),
    TRUNCATE(RAND()*100,1)  
);
SELECT * FROM SC;

-- 50个常用的sql语句 
-- 问题： 
-- 1、查询 (语文)课程比(英语)课程成绩高的所有学生的学号； 
  SELECT a.sid 学号,a.score 语文成绩,b.score 英语成绩
  FROM (SELECT sid,score FROM SC,Course  WHERE Course.cname="语文" AND Course.cid=SC.cid) a,
       (SELECT sid,score FROM SC,Course  WHERE Course.cname="英语" AND Course.cid=SC.cid) b 
  WHERE a.score>b.score AND a.sid=b.sid; 
  
-- 2、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩； 
    SELECT Sid,AVG(score) 
    FROM SC
    GROUP BY Sid HAVING AVG(score) >60; 
    
-- 3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩； 
  SELECT Student.Sid,Student.Sname,COUNT(SC.Cid),SUM(score) 
  FROM Student LEFT OUTER JOIN SC 
  ON Student.Sid=SC.Sid 
  GROUP BY Student.Sid
  
-- 4、查询姓“李”的老师的个数； 
  SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT(Tname)) 
  FROM Teacher 
  WHERE Tname LIKE '李%'; 
  
-- 5、查询没学过“李老师”老师课的同学的学号、姓名； 
    SELECT * 
    FROM Student 
    WHERE Sid NOT IN( SELECT DISTINCT Sid 
		      FROM Course,Teacher,SC 
		      WHERE Course.Tid=Teacher.Tid AND Teacher.Tname="李老师" AND SC.Cid=Course.Cid);
  
-- 6、查询学过课程1并且也学过课程2的同学的学号、姓名； 
    -- 使用exists
    SELECT Student.Sid,Student.Sname 
    FROM Student,SC 
    WHERE Student.Sid=SC.Sid AND SC.Cid=1 AND EXISTS( SELECT * 
                                                      FROM SC AS SC_2 
                                                      WHERE SC_2.Sid=SC.Sid AND SC_2.Cid=2); 
    -- 使用三表连接查询                                                  
    SELECT s.*
    FROM SC sc1,SC sc2,Student s
    WHERE sc1.Cid=1 AND sc2.Cid=2 AND sc1.Sid=sc2.Sid AND s.Sid=sc1.Sid ; 
                                                  
-- 7、查询学过“李老师”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT * FROM Course;
    -- 获取李老师的课程个数
    SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Course ,Teacher WHERE Teacher.Tname="李老师" AND Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid
    -- 获取李老师的课程id
    SELECT Course.Cid FROM Course ,Teacher WHERE Teacher.Tname="李老师" AND Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid
    
    -- 获取结果
    SELECT Student.*,COUNT(*)
    FROM  SC,Student 
    WHERE   Student.sid=SC.sid AND SC.Cid IN(SELECT Cid FROM Course ,Teacher WHERE Teacher.Tname="李老师" AND Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid )
    GROUP BY SC.Sid
    HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Course ,Teacher WHERE Teacher.Tname="李老师" AND Teacher.Tid=Course.Tid)
    
-- 8、查询课程1的成绩比课程2分数低的所有同学的学号、姓名； 
    SELECT * FROM Student WHERE Sid IN ( SELECT sc1.Sid
                                         FROM SC sc1,SC sc2
                                         WHERE sc1.Sid=sc2.Sid AND sc1.Cid=1 AND sc2.Cid=2 AND sc1.score > sc2.score)
   
    
-- 9、查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名； 
    -- 获取任何一门大于60的所有学生的编号
    SELECT DISTINCT Student.sid FROM Student,SC WHERE SC.Sid=Student.Sid AND SC.score>60
    -- 获取结果
    SELECT * FROM Student WHERE sid NOT IN(SELECT DISTINCT Student.sid FROM Student,SC WHERE SC.Sid=Student.Sid AND SC.score>60)

-- 10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名； 
    SELECT * 
    FROM Student,SC
    WHERE Student.Sid=sc.Sid
    GROUP BY Student.Sid
    HAVING COUNT(*) < (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Course)

-- 11、查询至少有一门课与学号为1的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；  
    SELECT * FROM Student,SC WHERE Student.Sid!=1 AND Student.Sid=SC.Sid AND SC.Cid IN (SELECT Cid FROM SC WHERE Sid=1)

-- 12、查询学过学号为1同学所有课的其他同学学号和姓名； 
    
    SELECT student.*
    FROM student,sc
    WHERE student.sid !=1 AND student.sid=sc.sid AND sc.cid IN (SELECT cid  FROM sc  WHERE sid=1)
    GROUP BY sc.sid 
    HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sc WHERE sid=1)
 
-- 13、把“SC”表中李老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩； 
     -- 获取李老师的课程
     SELECT cid FROM teacher,course WHERE teacher.tid=course.tid AND teacher.tname="李老师"
     -- 结果  注意 set后面的值 不能有当前表  所以 (SELECT * FROM sc) sc2 而不是 直接sc sc2
     UPDATE sc sc1 SET sc1.score =(SELECT AVG(score) FROM (SELECT * FROM sc) sc2 WHERE sc2.cid=sc1.cid )
     WHERE sc1.cid IN (SELECT cid FROM teacher,course WHERE teacher.tid=course.tid AND teacher.tname="李老师")
   
    
-- 14、查询和1号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名； 
    
     SELECT student.sid,student.sname
     FROM student,sc,(SELECT COUNT(cid) con,sid FROM sc GROUP BY sid ) c
     WHERE student.sid != 1  AND student.sid=sc.sid AND sc.cid IN (SELECT cid FROM sc WHERE sid=1)  AND c.con=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sc WHERE sid=1) AND student.sid=c.sid
     GROUP BY student.sid 
     HAVING COUNT(*)= (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sc WHERE sid=1)
   
    
-- 15、删除学习付老师课的SC表记录； 
    DELETE FROM sc WHERE cid IN(SELECT cid FROM teacher,course WHERE course.tid=teacher.tid AND teacher.tname="付老师") 
-- 16、向SC表中插入一些记录：课程号3 学生编号为没有学过3号课程的所有学生 分数是2号课程的平均分
    INSERT INTO sc 
    SELECT sid,3,(SELECT AVG(score) FROM sc WHERE cid=2) FROM student WHERE sid NOT IN(SELECT sid FROM sc WHERE cid=3);
     
-- 17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数学”、“语文”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 
-- 学生ID,数学,语文,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分 
    SELECT Sid AS 学生ID 
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid=(SELECT Cid FROM course WHERE cname="语文")) AS 语文 
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid=(SELECT Cid FROM course WHERE cname="数学")) AS 数学
        ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.Sid=t.Sid AND Cid=(SELECT Cid FROM course WHERE cname="英语")) AS 英语 
        ,COUNT(cid) AS 有效课程数, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成绩 
    FROM SC AS t 
    GROUP BY Sid 
    ORDER BY AVG(t.score) DESC;
    
-- 18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分 
    SELECT  cid 课程编号,MAX(score) 最高分,MIN(score) 最高分
    FROM sc
    GROUP BY cid
 
-- 19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序 
   
    SELECT cid 课程编号,AVG(score) 平均分,SUM(CASE WHEN score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/COUNT(score) 及格率
    FROM sc
    GROUP BY Cid
    ORDER BY 平均分 ASC,及格率 DESC
    
-- 20、查询如下课程平均成绩和及格率的百分数(用"1行"显示): 语文，英语，数学
    SELECT  SUM(CASE WHEN cid=1 THEN score ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 语文平均分,
            SUM(CASE WHEN score >= 60 AND cid=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 语文及格率,
            
            SUM(CASE WHEN cid=2 THEN score ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 数学平均分,
            SUM(CASE WHEN score >= 60 AND cid=2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 数学及格率,
            
            SUM(CASE WHEN cid=3 THEN score ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=3 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 英语平均分,
            SUM(CASE WHEN score >= 60 AND cid=3 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END )/SUM(CASE WHEN score >=0 AND cid=3 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) 英语及格率
    
    FROM sc;
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
    
21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示 
  SELECT MAX(Z.T#) AS 教师ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教师姓名,C.C# AS 课程ID,MAX(C.Cname) AS 课程名称,AVG(Score) AS 平均成绩 
    FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z 
    WHERE T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T# 
  GROUP BY C.C# 
  ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC 
22、查询如下课程成绩第 3 名到第 6 名的学生成绩单：企业管理（001），马克思（002），UML （003），数据库（004） 
    [学生ID],[学生姓名],企业管理,马克思,UML,数据库,平均成绩 
    SELECT  DISTINCT top 3 
      SC.S# As 学生学号, 
        Student.Sname AS 学生姓名 , 
      T1.score AS 企业管理, 
      T2.score AS 马克思, 
      T3.score AS UML, 
      T4.score AS 数据库, 
      ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) AS 总分 
      FROM Student,SC  LEFT JOIN SC AS T1 
                      ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001' 
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T2 
                      ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002' 
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T3 
                      ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003' 
            LEFT JOIN SC AS T4 
                      ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004' 
      WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and 
      ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) 
      NOT IN 
      (SELECT 
            DISTINCT 
            TOP 15 WITH TIES 
            ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) 
      FROM sc 
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T1 
                      ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1' 
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T2 
                      ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2' 
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T3 
                      ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3' 
            LEFT JOIN sc AS T4 
                      ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4' 
      ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC); 
23、统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60] 
    SELECT SC.C# as 课程ID, Cname as 课程名称 
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85] 
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70] 
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60] 
        ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -] 
    FROM SC,Course 
    WHERE SC.C#=Course.C# 
    GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname; 
24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次 
      SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT 平均成绩) 
              FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成绩 
                      FROM SC 
                  GROUP BY S# 
                  ) AS T1 
            WHERE 平均成绩 > T2.平均成绩) AS 名次, 
      S# as 学生学号,平均成绩 
    FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成绩 
            FROM SC 
        GROUP BY S# 
        ) AS T2 
    ORDER BY 平均成绩 DESC; 
  
25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况) 
      SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数 
      FROM SC t1 
      WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score 
              FROM SC 
              WHERE t1.C#= C# 
            ORDER BY score DESC 
              ) 
      ORDER BY t1.C#; 
26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数 
  SELECT c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#; 
27、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名 
  SELECT SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 选课数 
  FROM SC ,Student 
  WHERE SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1; 
28、查询男生、女生人数 
    SELECT COUNT(Ssex) AS 男生人数 FROM Student GROUP BY Ssex HAVING Ssex='男'; 
    SELECT COUNT(Ssex) AS 女生人数 FROM Student GROUP BY Ssex HAVING Ssex='女'； 
29、查询姓“张”的学生名单 
    SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname LIKE '张%'; 
30、查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数 
  SELECT Sname,COUNT(*) FROM Student GROUP BY Sname HAVING  COUNT(*)>1;; 
31、1981年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是DATETIME) 
    SELECT Sname,  CONVERT(CHAR (11),DATEPART(YEAR,Sage)) AS age 
    FROM student 
    WHERE  CONVERT(CHAR(11),DATEPART(YEAR,Sage))='1981'; 
32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列 
    SELECT C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ; 
33、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 
    SELECT Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score) 
    FROM Student,SC 
    WHERE Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having    avg(score)>85; 
34、查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数 
    SELECT Sname,ISNULL(score,0) 
    FROM Student,SC,Course 
    WHERE SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and  Course.Cname='数据库'and score <60; 
35、查询所有学生的选课情况； 
    SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,Cname 
    FROM SC,Student,Course 
    WHERE SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ; 
36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数； 
    SELECT  DISTINCT student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.score 
    FROM student,Sc 
    WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#; 
37、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列 
    SELECT c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ; 
38、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名； 
    SELECT SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003'; 
39、求选了课程的学生人数 
    SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sc; 
40、查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩 
    SELECT Student.Sname,score 
    FROM Student,SC,Course C,Teacher 
    WHERE Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='叶平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# ); 
41、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数 
    SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sc GROUP BY C#; 
42、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩 
  SELECT DISTINCT  A.S#,B.score from SC A  ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ; 
43、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名 
    SELECT t1.S# as 学生ID,t1.C# as 课程ID,Score as 分数 
      FROM SC t1 
      WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score 
              FROM SC 
              WHERE t1.C#= C# 
            ORDER BY score DESC 
              ) 
      ORDER BY t1.C#; 
44、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过10人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列  
    SELECT  C# as 课程号,count(*) as 人数 
    FROM  sc  
    GROUP  BY  C# 
    ORDER  BY  COUNT(*) DESC,c#  
45、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号 
    SELECT  S#  
    FROM  sc  
    GROUP  BY  s# 
    HAVING  COUNT(*)  >  =  2 
46、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名 
    SELECT  C#,Cname  
    FROM  Course  
    WHERE  C#  in  (select  c#  from  sc group  by  c#)  
47、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名 
    SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='叶平'); 
48、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩 
    SELECT S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#; 
49、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号 
    SELECT S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc; 
50、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩 
DELETE FROM Sc WHERE S#='001'and C#='001';