JUC面试题:交替输出【三种方法】

线程 1 输出 a 5 次，线程 2 输出 b 5 次，线程 3 输出 c 5 次。现在要求输出 abcabcabcabcabc 怎么实现

第一种方法:使用wait与notify:

package com.DJL;


public class Code_交替输出_方法一 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WaitNotify wf = new WaitNotify(1, 5);
        new Thread(() -> {
            wf.print("a", 1, 2);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            wf.print("b", 2, 3);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            wf.print("c", 3, 1);
        }).start();
    }

}

class WaitNotify {
    int flag;
    int loopNumber;

    public WaitNotify(int flag, int loopNumber) {
        this.flag = flag;
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void print(String str, int waitFlag, int nextflag) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (flag != waitFlag) {
                    try {
                        this.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                System.out.print(str);
                flag = nextflag;
                this.notifyAll();
            }
        }
    }

}

第二种方法:使用ReentrantLock:

package com.DJL;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

@Slf4j(topic = "c.Code_交替输出_方法二")
public class Code_交替输出_方法二 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        waitNotify waitNotify = new waitNotify(5);

        Condition a = waitNotify.newCondition();
        Condition b = waitNotify.newCondition();
        Condition c = waitNotify.newCondition();

        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("a", a, b);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("b", b, c);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("c", c, a);
        }).start();
        log.debug("主线程获取lock锁.........");
        waitNotify.lock();
        try {
            log.debug("start.......");
            a.signal();
        } finally {
            waitNotify.unlock();
        }
    }
}

class waitNotify extends ReentrantLock {

    int loopNumber;

    public waitNotify(int loopNumber) {
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void print(String str, Condition current, Condition next) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            lock();
            try {
                current.await();
                System.out.print(str);
                next.signal();//唤醒下一个休息室中的线程
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                unlock();
            }
        }
    }
}

第三种方法:使用park与unpark:

package com.DJL;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;

public class Code_交替输出_方法三 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SyncPark sp = new SyncPark(5);
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            sp.print("a");
        });
        Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
            sp.print("b");
        });
        Thread t3 = new Thread(() -> {
            sp.print("c");
        });
        sp.setThreads(t1, t2, t3);
        sp.start();
    }
}

class SyncPark {
    private int loopNumber;
    private Thread[] threads;

    public SyncPark(int loopNumber) {
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void setThreads(Thread... threads) {
        this.threads = threads;
    }

    public void print(String str) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            LockSupport.park();
            System.out.print(str);
            LockSupport.unpark(nextThread());
        }
    }

    public Thread nextThread() {
        Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        int index = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < threads.length; i++) {
            if (current == threads[i]) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (index < threads.length - 1) {
            return threads[index + 1];
        } else {
            return threads[0];
        }
    }

    public void start() {
        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            thread.start();
        }
        LockSupport.unpark(threads[0]);
    }
}